Moving from efficacy to effectiveness trials in prevention research.
Moving from efficacy to effectiveness trials in prevention research.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brat.2010.10.008
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发表时间：
2011-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Becker CB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marchand E;Stice E;Rohde P;Becker CB
有效性试验测试干预措施是否在最佳，高度控制的条件下工作，而有效性试验则测试干预措施是否在现实环境中与典型的客户和提供者一起工作。研究人员，供应商和资助机构呼吁进行更多的有效性试验，以了解干预措施是否在生态有效的条件下产生效果，哪些因素预测计划的有效性，以及在实践环境中成功实施计划所需的策略。预防性干预措施从功效到有效性的转变涉及到独特的考虑因素，其中一些是治疗研究所不具备的。本文的目的是讨论概念和方法的问题时出现的过渡，从疗效的有效性研究在初级，二级和三级预防，借鉴两个互补的研究小组的经验，以及现有的文献。我们解决（a）研究计划，（B）干预设计和概念化，（c）参与者的选择和特征，（d）供应商，（e）背景，（f）测量和方法，（g）结果，（h）成本，（i）可持续性。我们提出了饮食失调预防研究的例子，展示了从疗效到有效性试验的进展。
Efficacy trials test whether interventions work under optimal, highly controlled conditions whereas effectiveness trials test whether interventions work with typical clients and providers in real-world settings. Researchers, providers, and funding bodies have called for more effectiveness trials to understand whether interventions produce effects under ecologically valid conditions, which factors predict program effectiveness, and what strategies are needed to successfully implement programs in practice settings. The transition from efficacy to effectiveness with preventive interventions involves unique considerations, some of which are not shared by treatment research. The purpose of this article is to discuss conceptual and methodological issues that arise when making the transition from efficacy to effectiveness research in primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, drawing on the experiences of two complimentary research groups as well as the existing literature. We address (a) program of research, (b) intervention design and conceptualization, (c) participant selection and characteristics, (d) providers, (e) context, (f) measurement and methodology, (g) outcomes, (h) cost, and (i) sustainability. We present examples of research in eating disorder prevention that demonstrate the progression from efficacy to effectiveness trials.
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