Sexually Dimorphic Effects of a Western Diet on Brain Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Neurocognitive Function.

Sexually Dimorphic Effects of a Western Diet on Brain Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Neurocognitive Function.
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DOI:
10.3390/nu13124222
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发表时间:
2021-11-24
期刊:
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Noble EE
Noble EE
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lord MN;Heo JW;Schifino AG;Hoffman JR;Donohue KN;Call JA;Noble EE

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西方饮食(WD),高糖和饱和脂肪,损害学习和记忆功能,并有助于体重增加。脑中的线粒体为神经认知功能提供能量,并可能在体重调节中发挥作用。我们试图确定WD是否通过影响海马和下丘脑线粒体生物能量学来改变雄性和雌性啮齿动物的行为和代谢结果。结果显示,性别二态的常量营养素的偏好,其中男性的WD消耗了更大比例的热量从脂肪/蛋白质和女性消耗了更大比例的热量从含糖饮料。与同性对照组相比,WD组的男性和女性都增加了体脂,并显示出葡萄糖耐量受损。WD的男性表现出海马功能受损,海马线粒体膜电位升高的趋势。对WD在下丘脑中的影响进行的全面生物能量学分析显示了组织特异性适应,与同性对照相比,WD上的男性氧化更多的脂肪,女性在能量需求峰值时氧化更多的脂肪和碳水化合物。这些结果表明,成年雄性大鼠表现出对WD海马功能障碍的易感性,并且WD以性别特异性方式改变了下丘脑线粒体生物能学。
A Western diet (WD), high in sugars and saturated fats, impairs learning and memory function and contributes to weight gain. Mitochondria in the brain provide energy for neurocognitive function and may play a role in body weight regulation. We sought to determine whether a WD alters behavior and metabolic outcomes in male and female rodents through impacting hippocampal and hypothalamic mitochondrial bioenergetics. Results revealed a sexually dimorphic macronutrient preference, where males on the WD consumed a greater percentage of calories from fat/protein and females consumed a greater percentage of calories from a sugar-sweetened beverage. Both males and females on a WD gained body fat and showed impaired glucose tolerance when compared to same-sex controls. Males on a WD demonstrated impaired hippocampal functioning and an elevated tendency toward a high membrane potential in hippocampal mitochondria. Comprehensive bioenergetics analysis of WD effects in the hypothalamus revealed a tissue-specific adaption, where males on the WD oxidized more fat, and females oxidized more fat and carbohydrates at peak energy demand compared to same-sex controls. These results suggest that adult male rats show a susceptibility toward hippocampal dysfunction on a WD, and that hypothalamic mitochondrial bioenergetics are altered by WD in a sex-specific manner.
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