Mediators of Host-Microbe Circadian Rhythms in Immunity and Metabolism.
Mediators of Host-Microbe Circadian Rhythms in Immunity and Metabolism.
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DOI：
10.3390/biology9120417
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发表时间：
2020-11-25
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Leone VA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frazier K;Frith M;Harris D;Leone VA
昼夜节律充当人体的内部节拍器，在 24 小时内驱动对环境线索的反应。核心生物钟基因网络对几乎所有生命形式都至关重要，它驱动与代谢和免疫反应相关的生理输出。现代人的昼夜节律被破坏，例如轮班工作和时差反应，导致代谢反应异常和复杂疾病的发展，包括肥胖和 2 型糖尿病。这些复杂的疾病还受到肠道微生物与宿主免疫系统之间相互作用的影响，导致慢性低度炎症反应。肠道微生物表现出与宿主昼夜节律网络密切相关的昼夜节律动态，破坏微生物节律会导致代谢疾病。驱动宿主代谢、免疫系统、肠道微生物和昼夜节律网络之间通讯的潜在介质仍然未知，特别是在人类中。在这里，我们探讨了有关昼夜节律网络跨王国控制的知识现状，并讨论了推动该领域从临床前到临床发展所需克服的差距和挑战。昼夜节律对于几乎所有生命形式都至关重要，由核心分子基因网络介导，该网络驱动涉及免疫功能和代谢调节的下游分子过程。这些生物节律充当身体的节拍器，响应 24 小时的光：暗周期和其他定时刺激。由于剧烈的生活方式和环境变化而导致的昼夜节律紊乱似乎导致了代谢疾病的发病机制，尽管其机制仍然难以捉摸。肠道微生物群的成员和功能也是新陈代谢的关键介质，并且对环境扰动高度敏感。最近的证据表明肠道微生物的节律对于宿主代谢健康至关重要。在微生物和宿主代谢网络之间传递节律信号的关键分子介质尚不清楚，但研究表明宿主免疫系统可能充当这两个系统之间的管道，提供稳态信号以维持整体代谢健康。尽管有了这些知识，但驱动这些节律的精确机制和沟通方式仍不清楚，尤其是在人类中。在这里，我们回顾了当前在代谢失调背景下研究肠道微生物、免疫系统和新陈代谢的昼夜动态的文献，并提供了对仍然存在的差距和挑战的见解。
Circadian rhythms serve as the body’s internal metronome, driving responses to environmental cues over a 24-h period. Essential to nearly all life forms, the core circadian clock gene network drives physiological outputs associated with metabolic and immune responses. Modern-day disruptions to host circadian rhythms, such as shift work and jet lag, result in aberrant metabolic responses and development of complex diseases, including obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. These complex diseases are also impacted by interactions between gut microbes and the host immune system, driving a chronic low-grade inflammatory response. Gut microbes exhibit circadian dynamics that are closely tied to host circadian networks and disrupting microbial rhythmicity contributes to metabolic diseases. The underlying mediators that drive communication between host metabolism, the immune system, gut microbes, and circadian networks remain unknown, particularly in humans. Here, we explore the current state of knowledge regarding the transkingdom control of circadian networks and discuss gaps and challenges to overcome to push the field forward from the preclinical to clinical setting. Circadian rhythms are essential for nearly all life forms, mediated by a core molecular gene network that drives downstream molecular processes involved in immune function and metabolic regulation. These biological rhythms serve as the body’s metronome in response to the 24-h light:dark cycle and other timed stimuli. Disrupted circadian rhythms due to drastic lifestyle and environmental shifts appear to contribute to the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, although the mechanisms remain elusive. Gut microbiota membership and function are also key mediators of metabolism and are highly sensitive to environmental perturbations. Recent evidence suggests rhythmicity of gut microbes is essential for host metabolic health. The key molecular mediators that transmit rhythmic signals between microbes and host metabolic networks remain unclear, but studies suggest the host immune system may serve as a conduit between these two systems, providing homeostatic signals to maintain overall metabolic health. Despite this knowledge, the precise mechanism and communication modalities that drive these rhythms remain unclear, especially in humans. Here, we review the current literature examining circadian dynamics of gut microbes, the immune system, and metabolism in the context of metabolic dysregulation and provide insights into gaps and challenges that remain.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Carmen Collado, Maria;Engen, Phillip A.;Garaulet, Marta
通讯作者：
Garaulet, Marta
影响因子：
32.4
作者：
Adrover, Jose M.;del Fresno, Carlos;Hidalgo, Andres
通讯作者：
Hidalgo, Andres
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Belstrøm D;Holmstrup P;Bardow A;Kokaras A;Fiehn NE;Paster BJ
通讯作者：
Paster BJ
DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.1001026
发表时间：
2010-11-15
期刊：
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Castanon-Cervantes O;Wu M;Ehlen JC;Paul K;Gamble KL;Johnson RL;Besing RC;Menaker M;Gewirtz AT;Davidson AJ
通讯作者：
Davidson AJ
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Arjona, Alvaro;Sarkar, Dipak K.
通讯作者：
Sarkar, Dipak K.