Effects of 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation and ethnicity on face memory.
Effects of 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation and ethnicity on face memory.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.04.027
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Munafò MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Attwood AS;Catling JC;Kwong AS;Munafò MR
准确验证面部身份的能力具有重要的法医意义，但这种能力是不可靠的。研究表明，编码时的焦虑会损害随后的回忆，但没有研究调查焦虑在回忆时的实验范式的影响。本研究使用二氧化碳（CO2）焦虑诱导模型解决了这一差距。30名参与者完成了两次吸入：一次是7.5%CO2富集空气，一次是医用空气（即，安慰剂）。在每次吸入之前，参与者被呈现16张面部图像（50%自己的种族，50%其他种族）。在吸入过程中，他们被要求从一组32张图像（16张以前见过的图像和16张新图像）中识别哪些面孔以前见过。与空气相比，CO2吸入期间的识别准确性较低（F[1，29] = 5.5，p = 0.026，ηp2 = 0.16），与本族面孔相比，其他种族面孔的误报率较高（F[1，29] = 11.3，p = 0.002，ηp2 = 0.28）。没有证据表明气体与种族之间的相互作用对准确性或假警报有影响（ps > 0.34）。决策信心的评级没有不同的气体条件，这表明参与者没有意识到性能的差异。这些发现表明，在识别时，焦虑会损害面部识别的准确性。这对目击者记忆的情况有实质性的影响，并建议应努力减轻这些情况下的焦虑，以提高识别的有效性。使用二氧化碳挑战来研究急性焦虑对面孔记忆的影响研究“自己的种族”效应及其与急性焦虑的相互作用结果显示，在急性焦虑状态下，面孔记忆的准确性降低。结果显示，在查看其他种族面孔时，错误识别增加。在目击证人的情况下，应努力减轻焦虑。
The ability to accurately verify facial identity has important forensic implications, but this ability is fallible. Research suggests that anxiety at the time of encoding can impair subsequent recall, but no studies have investigated the effects of anxiety at the time of recall in an experimental paradigm. This study addresses this gap using the carbon dioxide (CO2) model of anxiety induction. Thirty participants completed two inhalations: one of 7.5% CO2-enriched air and one of medical air (i.e., placebo). Prior to each inhalation, participants were presented with 16 facial images (50% own-ethnicity, 50% other-ethnicity). During the inhalation they were required to identify which faces had been seen before from a set of 32 images (16 seen-before and 16 novel images). Identification accuracy was lower during CO2 inhalation compared to air (F[1,29] = 5.5, p = .026, ηp2 = .16), and false alarm rate was higher for other-ethnicity faces compared to own-ethnicity faces (F[1,29] = 11.3, p = .002, ηp2 = .28). There was no evidence of gas by ethnicity interactions for accuracy or false alarms (ps > .34). Ratings of decision confidence did not differ by gas condition, suggesting that participants were unaware of differences in performance. These findings suggest that anxiety, at the point of recognition, impairs facial identification accuracy. This has substantial implications for eyewitness memory situations, and suggests that efforts should be made to attenuate the anxiety in these situations in order to improve the validity of identification. Use of carbon dioxide challenge to investigate acute anxiety effects on face memory Investigation of the “own-ethnicity” effect and its interaction with acute anxiety Results show decreased accuracy for face memory during acutely anxious states. Results show increased false identifications when viewing other ethnicity faces. Efforts should be made to attenuate anxiety in eye witness situations.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Li, Shijia;Weerda, Riklef;Thiel, Christiane M.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
HELLHAMMER, DH
影响因子：
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作者：
REISS, S;PETERSON, RA;MCNALLY, RJ
通讯作者：
MCNALLY, RJ
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Johnson, KJ;Fredrickson, BL
通讯作者：
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