The macaque gut microbiome in health, lentiviral infection, and chronic enterocolitis.
The macaque gut microbiome in health, lentiviral infection, and chronic enterocolitis.
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健康，慢病毒感染和慢性小肠结肠炎的猕猴肠道微生物组。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.0040020
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发表时间：
2008-02-08
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Bushman FD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McKenna P;Hoffmann C;Minkah N;Aye PP;Lackner A;Liu Z;Lozupone CA;Hamady M;Knight R;Bushman FD
脊椎动物肠道中蕴藏着庞大的共生细菌群落，其组成受到宿主免疫系统的调节。许多胃肠道（GI）疾病预计与宿主-细菌相互作用的破坏有关，但报道的综合研究相对较少。我们使用恒河猴模型来研究塑造胃肠道细菌群落的力量。我们使用 DNA 条形码和焦磷酸测序来表征从 100 个未培养的胃肠道细菌样本中获得的 141,000 个 16S rRNA 基因序列，从而可以定量分析健康和疾病的群落组成。猕猴的微生物群落在丰度和类群类型上都与小鼠和人类不同。猕猴群落的肠粘膜、结肠内容物和粪便样本之间存在差异，这与人类的研究相似。随着时间的推移，动物之间、个体动物内部以及雄性和雌性之间的群落也存在差异。为了研究与疾病相关的变化，对健康动物和患有结肠炎并接受抗生素治疗的动物进行尸检时采集的结肠内容物样本进行比较。患病动物和健康动物的群落在组成上也存在显着差异。这项工作为研究共生微生物群在胃肠道疾病猕猴模型中的作用提供了全面的数据和改进的方法，并为大规模筛查人类肠道微生物组提供了模型。胃肠道内的细菌共生体有助于消化，促进肠道免疫系统的发育，并为病原体入侵提供竞争性屏障。作为回报，宿主在贫瘠时期为细菌提供安全的住所和食物。肠道微生物群的组成部分由宿主免疫系统控制。在多种疾病状态下，免疫功能可能会发生改变，并且肠道发病通常与之相关，因此有人提出这样的假设：胃肠道微生物群的改变可能会导致疾病。在这项研究中，使用焦磷酸测序技术对来自恒河猴的 100 个样本的肠道微生物群进行了表征，从而生成并分析了 16S rRNA 基因的 141,000 个序列。将健康动物与患有肠道疾病（例如由晚期猿猴艾滋病引起）的动物进行比较。许多因素导致微生物群的变化，包括来源动物的性别。与健康动物相比，患有慢性结肠炎的动物胃肠道微生物群的组成存在差异，这表明微生物群改变与疾病之间存在关联。
The vertebrate gut harbors a vast community of bacterial mutualists, the composition of which is modulated by the host immune system. Many gastrointestinal (GI) diseases are expected to be associated with disruptions of host-bacterial interactions, but relatively few comprehensive studies have been reported. We have used the rhesus macaque model to investigate forces shaping GI bacterial communities. We used DNA bar coding and pyrosequencing to characterize 141,000 sequences of 16S rRNA genes obtained from 100 uncultured GI bacterial samples, allowing quantitative analysis of community composition in health and disease. Microbial communities of macaques were distinct from those of mice and humans in both abundance and types of taxa present. The macaque communities differed among samples from intestinal mucosa, colonic contents, and stool, paralleling studies of humans. Communities also differed among animals, over time within individual animals, and between males and females. To investigate changes associated with disease, samples of colonic contents taken at necropsy were compared between healthy animals and animals with colitis and undergoing antibiotic therapy. Communities from diseased and healthy animals also differed significantly in composition. This work provides comprehensive data and improved methods for studying the role of commensal microbiota in macaque models of GI diseases and provides a model for the large-scale screening of the human gut microbiome. Bacterial mutualists within the gastrointestinal tract aid digestion, promote development of the gut immune system, and provide competitive barriers to pathogen invasion. The host, in return, provides bacteria with safe housing and food during lean times. The composition of the gut microbiota is controlled in part by the host immune system. In a variety of disease states, immune function can be altered, and gut morbidity is often associated, leading to the hypothesis that alterations in the GI microbiota may contribute to disease. In this study, the gut microbiota was characterized in 100 samples from rhesus macaques using pyrosequencing, which allowed 141,000 sequences from 16S rRNA genes to be generated and analyzed. Healthy animals were compared to animals with gut disorders, induced, for example by advanced simian AIDS. Many factors contributed to changes in the microbiota, including the sex of the animal of origin. Animals with chronic colitis showed differences in composition of the GI microbiota compared to healthy animals, providing an association between altered microbiota and disease.
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影响因子：
12.3
作者：
Huse SM;Huber JA;Morrison HG;Sogin ML;Welch DM
通讯作者：
Welch DM
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Ludwig, W;Strunk, O;Schleifer, KH
通讯作者：
Schleifer, KH
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Gill, Steven R.;Pop, Mihai;Nelson, Karen E.
通讯作者：
Nelson, Karen E.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0504978102
发表时间：
2005-08-02
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Ley, RE;Bäckhed, F;Gordon, JI
通讯作者：
Gordon, JI
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Liu Z;Lozupone C;Hamady M;Bushman FD;Knight R
通讯作者：
Knight R