Complex furrows in a 2D epithelial sheet code the 3D structure of a beetle horn.

Complex furrows in a 2D epithelial sheet code the 3D structure of a beetle horn.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-017-14170-w
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发表时间:
2017-10-24
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Kondo S
Kondo S
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Matsuda K;Gotoh H;Tajika Y;Sushida T;Aonuma H;Niimi T;Akiyama M;Inoue Y;Kondo S

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全变形昆虫的外部器官是通过两个连续的过程产生的:想象原基的发育和随后向成体结构的转化。在后一个过程中,细胞水平上的许多不同现象(如细胞形状改变、细胞迁移、上皮片的折叠和展开)导致了观察到的大小和形状的剧烈变化。由于这种复杂性,成人外部器官三维结构形成背后的逻辑在很大程度上仍然未知。本文研究了日本犀牛甲虫(Trypoxylus dichotomus)角的变态。角原基本质上是一个二维上皮细胞片,有密集的沟壑。我们实验用三种不同的方法展开这些沟槽,发现沟槽模式单独决定了三维角的结构,这表明甲虫的角形成有两个不同的过程:沟槽的形成和随后的展开。我们假设这种发育的简单性为理解指导昆虫三维形态发生的原理提供了固有的优势。
The external organs of holometabolous insects are generated through two consecutive processes: the development of imaginal primordia and their subsequent transformation into the adult structures. During the latter process, many different phenomena at the cellular level (e.g. cell shape changes, cell migration, folding and unfolding of epithelial sheets) contribute to the drastic changes observed in size and shape. Because of this complexity, the logic behind the formation of the 3D structure of adult external organs remains largely unknown. In this report, we investigated the metamorphosis of the horn in the Japanese rhinoceros beetle Trypoxylus dichotomus. The horn primordia is essentially a 2D epithelial cell sheet with dense furrows. We experimentally unfolded these furrows using three different methods and found that the furrow pattern solely determines the 3D horn structure, indicating that horn formation in beetles occurs by two distinct processes: formation of the furrows and subsequently unfolding them. We postulate that this developmental simplicity offers an inherent advantage to understanding the principles that guide 3D morphogenesis in insects.
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