Differential responses to woodland character and landscape context by cryptic bats in urban environments.
Differential responses to woodland character and landscape context by cryptic bats in urban environments.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0126850
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Park KJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lintott PR;Bunnefeld N;Minderman J;Fuentes-Montemayor E;Mayhew RJ;Olley L;Park KJ
城市化是土地利用变化最剧烈的形式之一，只有相对较少的物种能够适应。确定物种如何以及为什么对城市栖息地做出不同的反应，对于预测未来随着城市地区的快速扩张而造成的生物多样性丧失非常重要。了解形态或行为特征如何影响物种对建筑环境的适应性，可能使我们能够提高保护工作的有效性。虽然许多蝙蝠物种能够利用人类资源，蝙蝠物种丰富度一般下降，城市化的增加，有相当大的差异，在不同的蝙蝠物种的城市化的反应。在这里，我们使用的声学记录从两个神秘的，主要是同域的欧洲蝙蝠物种，以评估其使用的碎片化的城市林地和周围的城市矩阵的差异反应。相对于P. pipistrellus，P. pygmaeus在低杂波和林下植被覆盖的林地中活动的可能性很高，这些林地被低水平的建筑环境所包围。此外，记录的概率P. pygmaeus相对于P. pipistrellus是相当高的城市林地内部或边缘栖息地相比，城市灰色或非树木繁茂的绿色空间。这些结果表明，两个形态相似的物种之间发生差异的栖息地使用，而这种分区的基本机制是未知的，它可能是由竞争避免觅食资源。他们对城市化的不同反应表明，在试图评估一个物种对城市化的适应性以达到保护目的时存在困难。
Urbanisation is one of the most dramatic forms of land use change which relatively few species can adapt to. Determining how and why species respond differently to urban habitats is important in predicting future biodiversity loss as urban areas rapidly expand. Understanding how morphological or behavioural traits can influence species adaptability to the built environment may enable us to improve the effectiveness of conservation efforts. Although many bat species are able to exploit human resources, bat species richness generally declines with increasing urbanisation and there is considerable variation in the responses of different bat species to urbanisation. Here, we use acoustic recordings from two cryptic, and largely sympatric European bat species to assess differential responses in their use of fragmented urban woodland and the surrounding urban matrix. There was a high probability of P. pygmaeus activity relative to P. pipistrellus in woodlands with low clutter and understory cover which were surrounded by low levels of built environment. Additionally, the probability of recording P. pygmaeus relative to P. pipistrellus was considerably higher in urban woodland interior or edge habitat in contrast to urban grey or non-wooded green space. These results show differential habitat use occurring between two morphologically similar species; whilst the underlying mechanism for this partitioning is unknown it may be driven by competition avoidance over foraging resources. Their differing response to urbanisation indicates the difficulties involved when attempting to assess how adaptable a species is to urbanisation for conservation purposes.
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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