Differences in Obesity Prevalence by Demographics and Urbanization in US Children and Adolescents, 2013-2016.
Differences in Obesity Prevalence by Demographics and Urbanization in US Children and Adolescents, 2013-2016.
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美国儿童和青少年的人口统计学和城市化肥胖症患病率的差异，2013 - 2016年。
DOI：
10.1001/jama.2018.5158
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发表时间：
2018-06-19
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Freedman DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ogden CL;Fryar CD;Hales CM;Carroll MD;Aoki Y;Freedman DS
据报道，儿童肥胖在人口统计学和城市化方面存在差异。从人口统计和城市化的角度介绍美国青少年肥胖和严重肥胖的数据，并调查城市化的趋势。在2001-2016年全国健康和营养检查调查中测量了2至19岁青年的体重和身高，这是对平民，非机构人口的连续，横断面，全国代表性调查。性别、年龄、种族和西班牙裔、户主教育程度和城市化程度，由大都市统计区（msa；大：≥100万人口）评估。2013-2016年肥胖（体重指数[BMI]≥美国疾病控制和预防中心[CDC]增长图表的第95百分位数）和重度肥胖（BMI≥第95百分位数的120%）的亚组患病率以及2001-2004年和2013-2016年城市化的趋势。6863名儿童和青少年（平均年龄11岁，女性占49%）的体重、身高和城市化数据完整。2013-2016年，2至19岁青少年肥胖患病率为17.8% (95% CI, 16.1% - 19.6%)，重度肥胖患病率为5.8% （95% CI, 4.8% - 6.9%）。大型mssa （171% [95% CI, 14.9% ~ 19.5%]）、中小型mssa （17.2% [95% CI, 14.5% ~ 20.2%]）和非mssa （21.7% [95% CI, 16.1% ~ 28.1%]）的肥胖患病率彼此间无显著差异（两两比较范围P = 0.09 ~ 0.96）。非MSAs患者的严重肥胖发生率（9.4% [95% CI, 5.7% ~ 14.4%]）明显高于大MSAs患者（5.1% [95% CI, 4.1% ~ 6.2%]; P = .02）。在调整分析中，肥胖和重度肥胖随户主年龄越大、受教育程度越低而显著增加，重度肥胖随城市化水平越低而增加。与非西班牙裔白人青年相比，非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔青年的肥胖和严重肥胖患病率明显更高。严重肥胖，但不肥胖，在非西班牙裔亚裔青年中显著低于非西班牙裔白人青年。从2001-2004年到2013-2016年，任何城市化类别的肥胖或严重肥胖患病率均无显著的线性或二次趋势（P范围= 0.07 - 0.83）。2013-2016年，肥胖和重度肥胖的患病率因年龄、种族和西班牙裔以及家庭教育程度而存在差异，重度肥胖与城市化呈负相关。人口统计数据与城市化研究结果无关。
Differences in childhood obesity by demographics and urbanization have been reported. To present data on obesity and severe obesity among US youth by demographics and urbanization and to investigate trends by urbanization. Measured weight and height among youth aged 2 to 19 years in the 2001–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, which are serial, cross-sectional, nationally representative surveys of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population. Sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, education of household head, and urbanization, as assessed by metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs; large: ≥ 1 million population). Prevalence of obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥95th percentile of US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] growth charts) and severe obesity (BMI ≥120% of 95th percentile) by subgroups in 2013–2016 and trends by urbanization between 2001–2004 and 2013–2016. Complete data on weight, height, and urbanization were available for 6863 children and adolescents (mean age, 11 years; female, 49%). In 2013–2016, the prevalence among youth aged 2 to 19 years was 17.8% (95% CI, 16.1%−19.6%) for obesity and 5.8% (95% CI, 4.8%−6.9%) for severe obesity. Prevalence of obesity in large MSAs (171% [95% CI, 14.9%−19.5%]), medium or small MSAs (17.2% [95% CI, 14.5%−20.2%]) and non-MSAs (21.7% [95% CI, 16.1%−28.1%]) were not significantly different from each other (range of pairwise comparisons P = .09–.96). Severe obesity was significantly higher in non-MSAs (9.4% [95% CI, 5.7%−14.4%]) compared with large MSAs (5.1% [95% CI, 4.1%−6.2%]; P = .02). In adjusted analyses, obesity and severe obesity significantly increased with greater age and lower education of household head, and severe obesity increased with lower level of urbanization. Compared with non-Hispanic white youth, obesity and severe obesity prevalence were significantly higher among non-Hispanic black and Hispanic youth. Severe obesity, but not obesity, was significantly lower among non-Hispanic Asian youth than among non-Hispanic white youth. There were no significant linear or quadratic trends in obesity or severe obesity prevalence from 2001–2004 to 2013–2016 for any urbanization category (P range = .07–.83). In 2013–2016, there were differences in the prevalence of obesity and severe obesity by age, race and Hispanic origin, and household education, and severe obesity was inversely associated with urbanization. Demographics were not related to the urbanization findings.
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影响因子：
7.1
作者：
Neuman, Melissa;Kawachi, Ichiro;Subramanian, S. V.
通讯作者：
Subramanian, S. V.
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
Jafar, TH;Islam, M;Chaturvedi, N
通讯作者：
Chaturvedi, N
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Freedman, DS;Wang, J;Horlick, M
通讯作者：
Horlick, M
DOI：
10.1001/jama.2016.6361
发表时间：
2016-06-07
期刊：
JAMA
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ogden CL;Carroll MD;Lawman HG;Fryar CD;Kruszon-Moran D;Kit BK;Flegal KM
通讯作者：
Flegal KM
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Akinbami, Lara J.;Ogden, Cynthia L.
通讯作者：
Ogden, Cynthia L.