Contribution of transcranial magnetic stimulation to assessment of brain connectivity and networks.

Contribution of transcranial magnetic stimulation to assessment of brain connectivity and networks.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.clinph.2017.08.007
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发表时间:
2017-11
期刊:
Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ugawa Y
Ugawa Y
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hallett M;Di Iorio R;Rossini PM;Park JE;Chen R;Celnik P;Strafella AP;Matsumoto H;Ugawa Y

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这篇综述的目的是展示经颅磁刺激(TMS)技术如何为大脑网络的研究做出贡献。大脑网络是理解大脑如何运作的基础。在刺激一段时间后,可以直接观察或识别对偏远地区的影响,本综述的每个部分将讨论一种方法。经颅磁刺激后分析的脑电图被称为经颅磁刺激诱发电位(TMS-evoked potential,TEP)。条件性TMS可以影响在运动皮层上给予的测试TMS的效果。双突触连接也可以通过评估预条件刺激对条件测试对的影响来测试。基底神经节-皮质关系可以使用在脑深部电刺激治疗过程中放置的电极来评估。小脑-皮质的关系可以使用小脑上的TMS来确定。TMS对大脑的远程影响也可以通过神经成像来发现,包括正电子发射断层扫描(PET)和功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)。这些方法相互补充,因为它们给出了大脑网络的不同视图,并且使用多种技术来实现融合证据通常是有价值的。这类工作的最终成果是展示信息是如何在大脑中处理和传输的。
The goal of this review is to show how transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) techniques can make a contribution to the study of brain networks. Brain networks are fundamental in understanding how the brain operates. Effects on remote areas can be directly observed or identified after a period of stimulation, and each section of this review will discuss one method. EEG analyzed following TMS is called TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). A conditioning TMS can influence the effect of a test TMS given over the motor cortex. A disynaptic connection can be tested also by assessing the effect of a pre-conditioning stimulus on the conditioning-test pair. Basal ganglia-cortical relationships can be assessed using electrodes placed in the process of deep brain stimulation therapy. Cerebellar-cortical relationships can be determined using TMS over the cerebellum. Remote effects of TMS on the brain can be found as well using neuroimaging, including both positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The methods complement each other since they give different views of brain networks, and it is often valuable to use more than one technique to achieve converging evidence. The final product of this type of work is to show how information is processed and transmitted in the brain.
DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3874-05.2006
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顶壁TMS对体感觉反应的半球间影响直接与并发的TMS-FMRI证实。
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