When autocratic leaders become an option--uncertainty and self-esteem predict implicit leadership preferences.

When autocratic leaders become an option--uncertainty and self-esteem predict implicit leadership preferences.
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当专制领导者成为一种选择时——不确定性和自尊预示着隐性的领导偏好

DOI:
10.1037/a0023393
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
7.6
通讯作者:
Stahlberg
Stahlberg
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schoel;Bluemke;Mueller;Stahlberg

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我们调查了不确定性对领导偏好的影响,并提出自尊水平和稳定性的结合是这方面的一个重要调节因素。自我威胁的不确定性是令人厌恶的,并激活了重新获得控制权的动机。具有高度和稳定的自尊的人应该有信心通过自我改善情况来实现这一目标,因此应该在不确定的条件下表现出更强烈的民主领导倾向。相比之下,自尊心低且不稳定的人应该信任和希望有权势的人的能力,从而倾向于独裁领导。研究1a和1b验证了显性和隐性的领导措施,并展示了一个普遍的亲民主的默认态度的条件下的确定性。研究2和3揭示了一个民主的反应,个人稳定的高自尊和顺从的反应,个人不稳定的低自尊的条件下的不确定性。在研究4中,当个体从领导者而不是从追随者的角度评估领导风格时,这种模式被抵消了。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2016阿帕,保留所有权利)
We investigated the impact of uncertainty on leadership preferences and propose that the conjunction of self-esteem level and stability is an important moderator in this regard. Self-threatening uncertainty is aversive and activates the motivation to regain control. People with high and stable self-esteem should be confident of achieving this goal by self-determined amelioration of the situation and should therefore show a stronger preference for democratic leadership under conditions of uncertainty. By contrast, people with low and unstable self-esteem should place their trust and hope in the abilities of powerful others, resulting in a preference for autocratic leadership. Studies 1a and 1b validate explicit and implicit leadership measures and demonstrate a general prodemocratic default attitude under conditions of certainty. Studies 2 and 3 reveal a democratic reaction for individuals with stable high self-esteem and a submissive reaction for individuals with unstable low self-esteem under conditions of uncertainty. In Study 4, this pattern is cancelled out when individuals evaluate leadership styles from a leader instead of a follower perspective.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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