Spag16, an axonemal central apparatus gene, encodes a male germ cell nuclear speckle protein that regulates SPAG16 mRNA expression.
Spag16, an axonemal central apparatus gene, encodes a male germ cell nuclear speckle protein that regulates SPAG16 mRNA expression.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0020625
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Strauss JF 3rd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nagarkatti-Gude DR;Jaimez R;Henderson SC;Teves ME;Zhang Z;Strauss JF 3rd
Spag 16是莱茵衣藻PF 20的小鼠直向同源物，该蛋白质已知对“9+2”轴丝的结构和功能是必需的。在衣原体中，PF 20基因编码存在于轴丝中心对中的单一蛋白。PF 20的缺失阻止了中心对的组装/完整性，并导致鞭毛麻痹。在这里，我们证明了小鼠Spag 16基因编码两种蛋白质：71 kDa SPAG 16 L，其存在于所有具有运动纤毛或鞭毛的鼠细胞中，和35 kDa SPAG 16 S，其代表SPAG 16 L的C末端，其仅在雄性生殖细胞中表达，并且主要存在于也含有SC 35的细胞核内的特定区域中，一种已知的富含前mRNA剪接因子的核斑点标记物。SPAG 16 S的表达先于SPAG 16 L的表达。单独敲除SPAG 16 L的纯合子小鼠是不育的，但在精子发生中没有显示出异常。缺失SPAG 16 L和SPAG 16 S转录本的突变嵌合小鼠在精子发生方面存在严重缺陷。我们在这里表明，转导SPAG 16 S到培养的分散的小鼠雄性生殖细胞和BEAS-2B人支气管上皮细胞增加SPAG 16 L的表达，但没有影响其他几个轴丝成分的表达。我们还证明了Spag 16 L启动子在SPAG 16 S存在下显示出增加的活性。SPAG 16 S的独特核定位及其调节Spag 16 L mRNA表达的能力表明，SPAG 16 S在雄性生殖细胞的基因表达机制中起着重要作用。这是一个独特的例子，一个高度保守的轴丝蛋白基因，编码两种蛋白质产品具有不同的功能。
Spag16 is the murine orthologue of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii PF20, a protein known to be essential to the structure and function of the “9+2” axoneme. In Chlamydomonas, the PF20 gene encodes a single protein present in the central pair of the axoneme. Loss of PF20 prevents central pair assembly/integrity and results in flagellar paralysis. Here we demonstrate that the murine Spag16 gene encodes two proteins: 71 kDa SPAG16L, which is found in all murine cells with motile cilia or flagella, and 35 kDa SPAG16S, representing the C terminus of SPAG16L, which is expressed only in male germ cells, and is predominantly found in specific regions within the nucleus that also contain SC35, a known marker of nuclear speckles enriched in pre-mRNA splicing factors. SPAG16S expression precedes expression of SPAG16L. Mice homozygous for a knockout of SPAG16L alone are infertile, but show no abnormalities in spermatogenesis. Mice chimeric for a mutation deleting the transcripts for both SPAG16L and SPAG16S have a profound defect in spermatogenesis. We show here that transduction of SPAG16S into cultured dispersed mouse male germ cells and BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells increases SPAG16L expression, but has no effect on the expression of several other axoneme components. We also demonstrate that the Spag16L promoter shows increased activity in the presence of SPAG16S. The distinct nuclear localization of SPAG16S and its ability to modulate Spag16L mRNA expression suggest that SPAG16S plays an important role in the gene expression machinery of male germ cells. This is a unique example of a highly conserved axonemal protein gene that encodes two protein products with different functions.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.201004041
发表时间：
2010-11-15
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hu Y;Plutz M;Belmont AS
通讯作者：
Belmont AS
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Fajardo, MA;Haugen, HS;Braun, RE
通讯作者：
Braun, RE
DOI：
10.1083/jcb.98.1.229
发表时间：
1984-01
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dutcher SK;Huang B;Luck DJ
通讯作者：
Luck DJ
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Beissbarth, T;Borisevich, I;Schütz, G
通讯作者：
Schütz, G
DOI：
10.1196/annals.1389.017
发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMECHANICS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Inaba, Kazuo
通讯作者：
Inaba, Kazuo