Discovering New Chemistry with an Autonomous Robotic Platform Driven by a Reactivity-Seeking Neural Network.

Discovering New Chemistry with an Autonomous Robotic Platform Driven by a Reactivity-Seeking Neural Network.
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DOI:
10.1021/acscentsci.1c00435
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发表时间:
2021-11-24
影响因子:
18.2
通讯作者:
Cronin L
Cronin L
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Caramelli D;Granda JM;Mehr SHM;Cambié D;Henson AB;Cronin L

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我们提出了一个机器人化学发现系统,能够根据分子结构和反应性之间的一般关联来导航化学空间,同时结合神经网络模型,该模型可以处理来自在线分析的数据并在不知道试剂身份的情况下评估反应性。结合这些学习到的知识,我们的机器人平台能够自主探索大量潜在的反应,并评估混合物的反应性,包括未知的化学空间,无论起始材料的身份如何。通过该系统,我们确定了一系列化学反应和产物,其中一些是众所周知的,一些是新的但可从已知途径预测的,还有一些产生新分子的不可预测的反应。该系统的验证是在1018个反应中组合的15个输入的预算内完成的,对其的进一步分析不仅使我们发现了一种新的光化学反应,而且还发现了一种已知试剂(对甲苯磺酰甲基异氰化物,TosMIC)的新反应模式。这涉及6当量TosMIC在“多步、单底物”级联反应中的反应,以高产率(47%未优化)产生三聚体产物,其中形成五个新的C-C键,包括sp-sp2和sp-sp3碳中心。一项分析表明,这种转变本质上是不可预测的,这表明了在不需要人工输入的情况下,反应性优先的机器人发现未知反应方法的可能性。由机器学习驱动的机器人发现系统能够在化学空间中导航,并成功发现两个不可预测的反应。
We present a robotic chemical discovery system capable of navigating a chemical space based on a learned general association between molecular structures and reactivity, while incorporating a neural network model that can process data from online analytics and assess reactivity without knowing the identity of the reagents. Working in conjunction with this learned knowledge, our robotic platform is able to autonomously explore a large number of potential reactions and assess the reactivity of mixtures, including unknown chemical spaces, regardless of the identity of the starting materials. Through the system, we identified a range of chemical reactions and products, some of which were well-known, some new but predictable from known pathways, and some unpredictable reactions that yielded new molecules. The validation of the system was done within a budget of 15 inputs combined in 1018 reactions, further analysis of which allowed us to discover not only a new photochemical reaction but also a new reactivity mode for a well-known reagent (p-toluenesulfonylmethyl isocyanide, TosMIC). This involved the reaction of 6 equiv of TosMIC in a “multistep, single-substrate” cascade reaction yielding a trimeric product in high yield (47% unoptimized) with the formation of five new C–C bonds involving sp–sp2 and sp–sp3 carbon centers. An analysis reveals that this transformation is intrinsically unpredictable, demonstrating the possibility of a reactivity-first robotic discovery of unknown reaction methodologies without requiring human input. A robotic discovery system driven by machine learning is able to navigate a chemical space and successfully discover two unpredictable reactions.
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