Prioritized memory access explains planning and hippocampal replay.

Prioritized memory access explains planning and hippocampal replay.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41593-018-0232-z
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发表时间:
2018-11
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Daw ND
Daw ND
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mattar MG;Daw ND

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为了做出决定,动物必须通过获取相关经历的记忆来评估候选选择。然而,对于在最终决定选择的深思熟虑过程中,哪些经验被考虑或被忽视,人们知之甚少。我们提出了一个规范性的理论,预测在每个时刻应该访问哪些记忆,以优化未来的决策。使用海马区空间位置的非本地“重播”作为记忆访问的窗口,我们模拟了一个空间导航任务,其中代理按效用顺序访问位置的记忆:由于更好的选择,将获得多少额外奖励。这种优先顺序平衡了两个需求:评估迫在眉睫的选择的需要,以及将新遇到的信息传播到之前位置的收益。我们的理论为许多关于位置细胞的发现提供了一个简单的解释;统一了看似不同的重演提出的功能,包括计划、学习和巩固;并假设了一种机制,其功能障碍可能是沉思和渴望等病理的基础。
To make decisions, animals must evaluate candidate choices by accessing memories of relevant experiences. Yet little is known about which experiences are considered or ignored during deliberation, which ultimately governs choice. We propose a normative theory predicting which memories should be accessed at each moment to optimize future decisions. Using nonlocal “replay” of spatial locations in hippocampus as a window into memory access, we simulate a spatial navigation task where an agent accesses memories of locations sequentially, ordered by utility: how much extra reward would be earned due to better choices. This prioritization balances two desiderata: the need to evaluate imminent choices, vs. the gain from propagating newly encountered information to preceding locations. Our theory offers a simple explanation for numerous findings about place cells; unifies seemingly disparate proposed functions of replay including planning, learning, and consolidation; and posits a mechanism whose dysfunction may underlie pathologies like rumination and craving.
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