The role of the Southern Ocean in the global climate response to carbon emissions.
The role of the Southern Ocean in the global climate response to carbon emissions.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2022.0062
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发表时间：
2023-06-26
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Meijers, Andrew J. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Williams, Richard G.;Ceppi, Paulo;Roussenov, Vassil;Katavouta, Anna;Meijers, Andrew J. S.
关键词：
南大洋对全球气候变化的影响是根据大气二氧化碳每年增加 1% 的理想情况，使用地球系统模型预测进行评估的。在这种情况下，南大洋在吸收热量和人为碳方面发挥着重要作用，占全球海洋吸热量的40%±5%和人为碳吸收的44%±2%（南大洋定义为南纬36°以南）。然而，南大洋的全球热量吸收比例低于历史情景中半球辐射强迫差异明显的情况。对于这种理想化情景，全球和南大洋吸热量的模型间差异受到物理反馈的强烈影响，特别是全球云反馈和高纬度海冰损失导致的表面反照率反馈，通过大气层顶部的能量平衡。在大多数模型中，海洋碳响应是相似的，碳储存量因大气二氧化碳含量上升而增加，但因气候变化而微弱减少，而南大洋上空的通风和生物贡献相互竞争。南大洋影响全球气候指标，即对排放的瞬态气候响应，通过其物理气候反馈和吸热，占其热贡献的 28%，从而影响实现变暖目标的模型间差异。本文是讨论会议问题“南大洋的热量和碳吸收：最新技术和未来优先事项”的一部分。
The effect of the Southern Ocean on global climate change is assessed using Earth system model projections following an idealized 1% annual rise in atmospheric CO2. For this scenario, the Southern Ocean plays a significant role in sequestering heat and anthropogenic carbon, accounting for 40% ± 5% of heat uptake and 44% ± 2% of anthropogenic carbon uptake over the global ocean (with the Southern Ocean defined as south of 36°S). This Southern Ocean fraction of global heat uptake is however less than in historical scenarios with marked hemispheric contrasts in radiative forcing. For this idealized scenario, inter-model differences in global and Southern Ocean heat uptake are strongly affected by physical feedbacks, especially cloud feedbacks over the globe and surface albedo feedbacks from sea-ice loss in high latitudes, through the top-of-the-atmosphere energy balance. The ocean carbon response is similar in most models with carbon storage increasing from rising atmospheric CO2, but weakly decreasing from climate change with competing ventilation and biological contributions over the Southern Ocean. The Southern Ocean affects a global climate metric, the transient climate response to emissions, accounting for 28% of its thermal contribution through its physical climate feedbacks and heat uptake, and so affects inter-model differences in meeting warming targets. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Heat and carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean: the state of the art and future priorities'.
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