Gene expression variability across cells and species shapes innate immunity.

Gene expression variability across cells and species shapes innate immunity.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41586-018-0657-2
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发表时间:
2018-11
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Teichmann SA
Teichmann SA
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hagai T;Chen X;Miragaia RJ;Rostom R;Gomes T;Kunowska N;Henriksson J;Park JE;Proserpio V;Donati G;Bossini-Castillo L;Vieira Braga FA;Naamati G;Fletcher J;Stephenson E;Vegh P;Trynka G;Kondova I;Dennis M;Haniffa M;Nourmohammad A;Lässig M;Teichmann SA

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作为抵御病原体的第一道防线,细胞启动了一种先天性免疫反应,这种反应在细胞之间是高度不同的。反应必须是有力的,但要小心控制,以避免自我损害。这些限制因素是如何影响先天免疫系统进化的,目前还知之甚少。在这里,我们描述了这个程序在物种之间的转录差异和跨细胞的表达可变性。利用来自不同物种的成纤维细胞和单核巨噬细胞在免疫刺激下的批量转录和单细胞转录,我们揭示了天然免疫反应的显著结构。转录分化基因,包括细胞因子和趋化因子,在不同的细胞中变化,并具有不同的启动子结构。相反,参与反应调控的基因,如转录因子和激酶,在物种之间是保守的,表现出低的细胞间表达变异性。我们认为,这种独特的表达模式,在不同物种和条件下观察到,已经演变为一种微调调节的机制,实现了有效但平衡的反应。
As the first line of defence against pathogens, cells mount an innate immune response, which is highly variable from cell to cell. The response must be potent yet carefully controlled to avoid self-damage. How these constraints have shaped the evolution of innate immunity remains poorly understood. Here, we characterise this programme’s transcriptional divergence between species and expression variability across cells. Using bulk and single-cell transcriptomics in fibroblasts and mononuclear phagocytes from different species, challenged with immune stimuli, we reveal a striking architecture of the innate immune response. Transcriptionally diverging genes, including cytokines and chemokines, vary across cells and have distinct promoter structures. Conversely, genes involved in response regulation, such as transcription factors and kinases, are conserved between species and display low cell-to-cell expression variability. We suggest that this unique expression pattern, observed across species and conditions, has evolved as a mechanism for fine-tuned regulation, achieving an effective but balanced response.
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