Distinct Responses of Thitarodes xiaojinensis β-1,3-Glucan Recognition Protein-1 and Immulectin-8 to Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris Infection.

Distinct Responses of Thitarodes xiaojinensis β-1,3-Glucan Recognition Protein-1 and Immulectin-8 to Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris Infection.
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Thitarodes xiaojinensis β-1,3-葡聚糖识别蛋白-1 和 Immulectin-8 对冬虫夏草和北虫草感染的不同反应。

DOI:
10.4049/jimmunol.2000447
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发表时间:
2021-07-01
期刊:
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Zou Z
Zou Z
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Meng Q;Wu PP;Li MM;Shu RH;Zhou GL;Zhang JH;Zhang H;Jiang H;Qin QL;Zou Z

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黑化和包封是针对宿主昆虫的模式识别受体检测到的微生物的重要防御反应。在小金蛾 Thitarodes xiaojinensis 中,激活的免疫系统可以使真菌蛹虫草黑化并包裹起来。然而,在另一种真菌冬虫夏草感染后的宿主血淋巴中几乎检测不到这些反应。冬虫夏草与宿主之间的免疫相互作用仍不清楚,这阻碍了冬虫夏草的人工栽培。我们发现,蛹虫草诱导的酚氧化酶原激活需要 T. xiaojinensis β-1,3-葡聚糖识别蛋白-1 (βGRP1)。 βGRP1 无法识别中华圆线虫是受感染宿主缺乏黑色化的主要原因。裂解酶或蜗牛酶处理结合结合和免疫荧光检测表明存在防止真菌识别 βGRP1 的保护层。免疫共沉淀和质谱分析表明,βGRP1 通过与蛹虫草结合而与 immulectin-8 (IML8) 相互作用。 IML8 促进封装。本研究表明小金砗磲 βGRP1 和 IML8 在调节针对蛹虫草的免疫反应中的作用。最重要的是,数据表明中华O. sinensis可能通过阻止βGRP1识别来逃避黑化。
Melanization and encapsulation are prominent defense responses against microbes detected by pattern recognition receptors of their host insects. In the ghost moth Thitarodes xiaojinensis, an activated immune system can melanize and encapsulate the fungus Cordyceps militaris. However, these responses were hardly detected in the host hemolymph postinfection of another fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis. The immune interaction between O. sinensis and the host remains largely unknown, which hinders the artificial cultivation of Chinese cordyceps. We found that T. xiaojinensis β-1,3-glucan recognition protein-1 (βGRP1) was needed for prophenoloxidase activation induced by C. militaris. Failure of βGRP1 to recognize O. sinensis is a primary reason for the lack of melanization in the infected host. Lyticase or snailase treatment combined with binding and immunofluorescence detection showed the existence of a protective layer preventing the fungus from βGRP1 recognition. Co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis indicated that βGRP1 interacted with immulectin-8 (IML8) via binding to C. militaris. IML8 promotes encapsulation. This study suggests the roles of T. xiaojinensis βGRP1 and IML8 in modulating immune responses against C. militaris. Most importantly, the data indicate that O. sinensis may evade melanization by preventing βGRP1 recognition.
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