Evidence for altered hippocampal volume and brain metabolites in workers occupationally exposed to lead: a study by magnetic resonance imaging and (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Evidence for altered hippocampal volume and brain metabolites in workers occupationally exposed to lead: a study by magnetic resonance imaging and (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.07.009
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发表时间：
2008-09-26
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Zheng, Wei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang, Yue-Ming;Long, Li-Ling;Zhu, Xia-Yan;Zheng, Hong;Fu, Xue;Ou, Shi-Yan;Wei, Dong-Lu;Zhou, Hai-Lin;Zheng, Wei
关键词：
环境和职业铅暴露仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。本横断面研究的目的是使用非侵入性磁共振成像（MRI）和质子磁共振波谱（1H MRS）技术来调查在职业环境中长期暴露于铅是否会改变铅暴露工人的大脑结构和功能。铅暴露组由15名从铅冶炼厂或铅电池制造商招募的工人组成。对照组19名健康志愿者，均无工作环境和家庭铅暴露史。烟气和粉尘中铅的平均浓度在冶炼厂分别为0.43 mg/m3和0.44 mg/m3，铅电池车间分别为0.10 mg/m3和1.06 mg/m3。铅暴露工人和对照工人的平均血铅浓度（BPb）分别为63.5µg/dL和8.7µg/dL。MRI检查显示，与年龄匹配的对照组相比，铅暴露工人的脑海马体积显著减小（p<0.01），尽管这种减小的程度相对较小（为对照组的5-6%）。线性回归分析显示，脑内脑体积与两侧大脑半球海马体积减小呈显著负相关。MRS检测的5种脑代谢物（n -乙酰-天冬氨酸（NAA）、肌酸（Cr）、胆碱（Cho）、肌苷（mI）、谷氨酸/谷氨酰胺（Glx）和脂质（Lip））中，铅暴露工人脑内NAA/Cr比值显著低于对照组（7%,p<0.05）， Lip/Cr比值显著高于对照组（40%,p<0.01）。此外，Lip/Cr比值的升高与BPb显著相关（r = 0.46, p<0.01）。综上所述，本研究表明，职业性铅暴露可能导致人类大脑结构和功能的细微改变。MRI和MRS脑成像技术可作为评估铅致神经毒性的无创手段。
Environmental and occupational exposure to lead (Pb) remains to be a major public health issue. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to use non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) techniques to investigate whether chronic exposure to Pb in an occupational setting altered brain structure and function of Pb-exposed workers. The Pb-exposed group consisted of 15 workers recruited from either a Pb-smelting factory or a Pb-battery manufacturer. The control group had 19 healthy volunteers who had no history of Pb exposure in working environment or at home. The average airborne Pb concentrations in fume and dust were 0.43 mg/m3 and 0.44 mg/m3, respectively in the smeltery, and 0.10 mg/m3 and 1.06 mg/m3, respectively in the Pb battery workshop. The average blood Pb concentrations (BPb) in Pb-exposed and control workers were 63.5 µg/dL and 8.7 µg/dL, respectively. The MRI examination showed that brain hippocampal volume among Pb-exposed workers was significantly diminished in comparison to age-matched control subjects (p<0.01), although the extent of this reduction was relatively small (5–6% of the control values). Linear regression analyses revealed significant inverse associations between BPb and the decreased hippocampal volume on both sides of brain hemisphere. Among five brain metabolites investigated by MRS, i.e., N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr), choline (Cho), inosine (mI), glutamate/glutamine (Glx) and lipids (Lip), a significant decrease in NAA/Cr ratio (7% of controls, p<0.05) and a remarkable increase in Lip/Cr ratio (40%, p<0.01) were observed in the brains of Pb-exposed workers as compared to controls. Furthermore, the increased Lip/Cr ratio was significantly associated with BPb (r = 0.46, p<0.01). Taken together, this study suggests that occupational exposure to Pb may cause subtle structural and functional alteration in human brains. The MRI and MRS brain imaging techniques can be used as the noninvasive means to evaluate Pb-induced neurotoxicity.
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