End User Accounts of Dark Patterns as Felt Manipulation

End User Accounts of Dark Patterns as Felt Manipulation
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最终用户将深色图案视为毛毡操纵

DOI:
10.1145/3479516
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Qu, Liyang
Qu, Liyang
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gray, Colin M.;Chen, Jingle;Chivukula, Shruthi Sai;Qu, Liyang

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操纵定义了我们作为消费者的许多体验,包括微妙的推动和旨在吸引我们的注意力和金钱的公开广告活动。随着数字服务的出现,可以不断优化在线体验以满足利益相关者的要求,越来越多的设计师和开发人员利用“黑暗模式”(一种利用人类心理的操纵形式)来鼓励某些行为并阻止其他行为,从而为最终用户提供不平等的价值。在本文中,我们描述了最终用户对基于并扩展暗模式概念的操纵的看法。我们报告了以英语和普通话进行的用户调查 (n=169) 的结果,包括对 9 名调查受访者的后续采访。我们使用卡片分类方法来支持对每种文化背景的反应进行主题分析,确定定性支持的见解来描述最终用户对操纵产品的感受体验和操纵的连续体。我们通过对调查结果的描述性分析和访谈示例的呈现进一步支持这一分析。最后,我们提出了对未来研究的影响、对公共政策的考虑,以及如何进一步赋予用户数字服务体验自主权的指导。
Manipulation defines many of our experiences as a consumer, including subtle nudges and overt advertising campaigns that seek to gain our attention and money. With the advent of digital services that can continuously optimize online experiences to favor stakeholder requirements, increasingly designers and developers make use of "dark patterns"-forms of manipulation that prey on human psychology-to encourage certain behaviors and discourage others in ways that present unequal value to the end user. In this paper, we provide an account of end user perceptions of manipulation that builds on and extends notions of dark patterns. We report on the results of a survey of users conducted in English and Mandarin Chinese (n=169), including follow-up interviews from nine survey respondents. We used a card sorting method to support thematic analysis of responses from each cultural context, identifying both qualitatively-supported insights to describe end users' felt experiences of manipulative products and a continuum of manipulation. We further support this analysis through a descriptive analysis of survey results and the presentation of examples from the interviews. We conclude with implications for future research, considerations for public policy, and guidance on how to further empower and give users autonomy in their experiences with digital services.
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