Economic development and coastal ecosystem change in China.

Economic development and coastal ecosystem change in China.
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中国经济发展和沿海生态系统的变化。

DOI:
10.1038/srep05995
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发表时间:
2014-08-08
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Cui B
Cui B
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
He Q;Bertness MD;Bruno JF;Li B;Chen G;Coverdale TC;Altieri AH;Bai J;Sun T;Pennings SC;Liu J;Ehrlich PR;Cui B

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尽管沿海生态系统具有重要价值,但它们在全球范围内受到人为影响的威胁,但人们对这些影响如何受到经济发展的驱动还没有很好的了解。我们编制了一个多方面的数据集,以量化沿海趋势,并研究自20世纪50年代以来经济增长在中国沿海退化中的作用。虽然中国沿海人口的增长在1978年经济改革后没有改变,但其沿海经济增长了几个数量级。所有15个沿海人类影响都随着时间的推移而增加,特别是在改革之后。计量经济学分析显示,在时间和空间尺度上,大多数影响与国内生产总值之间存在正相关关系,但往往缺乏下降阈值。当通过分析人均影响来处理人口增长的影响时,以及当人口密度作为解释变量时,这些关系通常成立。物理和生物指标的历史趋势表明,中国沿海生态系统在1950年代至1978年期间变化不大或变化缓慢,但自1978年以来加速退化。因此,经济增长是加速人类对中国沿海生态系统破坏的原因。中国的人均GDP仍然很低。如果没有严格的保护措施,持续的经济增长将进一步恶化中国的沿海生态系统。
Despite their value, coastal ecosystems are globally threatened by anthropogenic impacts, yet how these impacts are driven by economic development is not well understood. We compiled a multifaceted dataset to quantify coastal trends and examine the role of economic growth in China's coastal degradation since the 1950s. Although China's coastal population growth did not change following the 1978 economic reforms, its coastal economy increased by orders of magnitude. All 15 coastal human impacts examined increased over time, especially after the reforms. Econometric analysis revealed positive relationships between most impacts and GDP across temporal and spatial scales, often lacking dropping thresholds. These relationships generally held when influences of population growth were addressed by analyzing per capita impacts, and when population density was included as explanatory variables. Historical trends in physical and biotic indicators showed that China's coastal ecosystems changed little or slowly between the 1950s and 1978, but have degraded at accelerated rates since 1978. Thus economic growth has been the cause of accelerating human damage to China's coastal ecosystems. China's GDP per capita remains very low. Without strict conservation efforts, continuing economic growth will further degrade China's coastal ecosystems.
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