Gender and innovation through an intersectional lens: Re‐imagining academic entrepreneurship in the United States
Gender and innovation through an intersectional lens: Re‐imagining academic entrepreneurship in the United States
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交叉视角下的性别与创新：重新想象美国的学术创业
DOI：
10.1111/soc4.12964
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Smith‐Doerr, Laurel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mickey, Ethel L.;Smith‐Doerr, Laurel
如何研究创新中的不平等？重点往往是专利申请中的性别差距。然而，我们对创新中性别不平等的理解缺少了很多东西。这篇评论讨论了性别和创新是如何交织在持久的学术不平等，并对谁是创新服务的影响。它总结了关于学术创业（包括专利）中的性别和种族差距的研究，这些长期不平等的原因，并讨论了为什么创新差距很重要，包括需要批判性地思考学术商业化。虽然存在关于学术创业中的性别差距和专利申请中的种族差距的文献，但缺乏对创新的交叉分析。黑人女权主义理论家告诉我们，性别和种族是重叠和不可分割的压迫系统。如果没有交叉性，我们就无法准确理解创新中的不平等，因此这是当前研究中的一个严重空白。需要在认识方法和方法中对性别和创新进行交叉研究。从理解学术创业中的歧视到汇集对种族资本主义和学术资本主义的批判性分析，还有很多工作要做。
How to study inequality in innovation? Often, the focus has been gender gaps in patenting. Yet much is missing from our understanding of gendered inequality in innovation with this focus. This review discusses how gender and innovation are intertwined in durable academic inequalities and have implications for who is served by innovation. It summarizes research on gender and race gaps in academic entrepreneurship (including patenting), reasons for those longstanding inequities, and concludes with discussing why innovation gaps matter, including the need to think critically about academic commercialization. And while literature exists on gender gaps in academic entrepreneurship and race gaps in patenting, intersectional analyses of innovation are missing. Black feminist theorists have taught us that gender and race are overlapping and inseparable systems of oppression. We cannot accurately understand inequality in innovation without intersectionality, so this is a serious gap in current research. Intersectional research on gender and innovation is needed across epistemic approaches and methods. From understanding discrimination in academic entrepreneurship to bringing together critical analyses of racial capitalism and academic capitalism, there is much work to do.
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