The autonomy-safety-paradox of service robotics in Europe and Japan: a comparative analysis

The autonomy-safety-paradox of service robotics in Europe and Japan: a comparative analysis
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欧洲和日本服务机器人的自主-安全-悖论:比较分析

DOI:
10.1007/s00146-015-0630-7
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Hironori Matsuzaki
Hironori Matsuzaki
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gesa Lindemann;Hironori Matsuzaki

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服务和个人护理机器人开始进入日常生活的荒野,在那里它们应该在不断变化的环境中与没有经验的外行用户进行交互。为了实现预期的功能,机器人必须成为独立的实体,根据实践中的学习成果来监控自己并改善自己的行为。这对机器人技术提出了巨大的挑战,我们称之为“安全-安全-悖论”(ASP)。将机器人应用融入社会需要协调两个相互冲突的方面:提高机器的自主性和确保最终使用的安全性。随着机器人自主水平的提高,发生事故的风险也会增加,并且越来越难以确定谁应该对任何损害负责。然而,强调安全会损害机器人的自主功能。这个问题意味着需要扩大产品安全的概念。我们的比较研究表明,ASP的制度框架,以及具体的解决方案,这个问题在欧洲和日本之间的不同在两个方面:(1)机器人代理的理解和(2)“适当的”用户-机器人交互的概念。
Service and personal care robots are starting to cross the threshold into the wilderness of everyday life, where they are supposed to interact with inexperienced lay users in a changing environment. In order to function as intended, robots must become independent entities that monitor themselves and improve their own behaviours based on learning outcomes in practice. This poses a great challenge to robotics, which we are calling the “autonomy-safety-paradox” (ASP). The integration of robot applications into society requires the reconciliation of two conflicting aspects: increasing machine autonomy and ensuring safety in end-use. As the level of robot autonomy grows, the risk of accidents will increase, and it will become more and more difficult to identify who is responsible for any damage incurred. However, emphasizing safety impairs the autonomous functioning of the robot. This problem implies the need for a broadened concept of product safety. Our comparative study shows that the institutional framing of the ASP as well as concrete solutions to this problem differs between Europe and Japan in two respects: (1) the understanding of robot agency and (2) the concept of “appropriate” user–robot interaction.
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