Effects of low-level exposure to sarin and cyclosarin during the 1991 Gulf War on brain function and brain structure in US veterans.
Effects of low-level exposure to sarin and cyclosarin during the 1991 Gulf War on brain function and brain structure in US veterans.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuro.2010.05.006
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发表时间：
2010-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Weiner MW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chao LL;Rothlind JC;Cardenas VA;Meyerhoff DJ;Weiner MW
1991年海湾战争期间，伊拉克哈米西亚的一个弹药库被摧毁，可能有超过10万名美军暴露在有机磷酸盐化学战剂沙林（GB）和环沙林（GF）中。尽管对人体低剂量暴露于GB/GF的长期神经行为学或神经生理学影响知之甚少，但最近对来自德文斯队列的GW退伍军人的研究表明，某些认知领域的减少和脑白色物质的萎缩发生在假定GB/GF暴露水平较高的个体中。本研究的目的是确定这些结果在另一组疑似接触GB/GF的GW退伍军人中的普遍性。本研究使用了2002-2007年海湾战争疾病研究中收集的神经行为和成像数据。我们专注于40 GW部署的退伍军人的数据被归类为已暴露于GB/GF在哈米西亚，伊拉克和40个匹配的控制。使用自动和半自动图像处理技术分析大脑的磁共振图像（MRI），这些技术产生灰质（GM）、白色物质（WM）、脑脊液（CSF）和海马的体积测量值。与未暴露的同龄人相比，疑似接触GB/GF的GW退伍军人的总GM和海马体积减少（p≤0.01）。虽然没有组间差异的认知功能或总WM体积的措施，有显着的，总WM体积和执行功能和视觉空间能力的退伍军人怀疑GB/GF暴露的措施之间的正相关。这些研究结果表明，低水平暴露于GB/GF可能会对十多年后的脑结构和脑功能产生有害影响。
Potentially more than 100,000 US troops may have been exposed to the organophosphate chemical warfare agents sarin (GB) and cyclosarin (GF) when a munitions dump at Khamisiyah, Iraq was destroyed during the Gulf War (GW) in 1991. Although little is known about the long-term neurobehavioral or neurophysiological effects of low-dose exposure to GB/GF in humans, recent studies of GW veterans from the Devens Cohort suggest decrements in certain cognitive domains and atrophy in brain white matter occur individuals with higher estimated levels of presumed GB/GF exposure. The goal of the current study is to determine the generalizability of these findings in another cohort of GW veterans with suspected GB/GF exposure. Neurobehavioral and imaging data collected in a study on Gulf War Illness between 2002–2007 were used in this study. We focused on the data of 40 GW-deployed veterans categorized as having been exposed to GB/GF at Khamisiyah, Iraq and 40 matched controls. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the brain were analyzed using automated and semi-automated image processing techniques that produced volumetric measurements of gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and hippocampus. GW veterans with suspected GB/GF exposure had reduced total GM and hippocampal volumes compared to their unexposed peers (p≤0.01). Although there were no group differences in measures of cognitive function or total WM volume, there were significant, positive correlations between total WM volume and measures of executive function and visuospatial abilities in veterans with suspected GB/GF exposure. These findings suggest that low-level exposure to GB/GF can have deleterious effects on brain structure and brain function more than decade later.
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