Nitrogen Addition Exacerbates the Negative Effects of Low Temperature Stress on Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Moss.
Nitrogen Addition Exacerbates the Negative Effects of Low Temperature Stress on Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Moss.
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添加氮加剧了低温胁迫对苔藓碳氮代谢的负面影响
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2017.01328
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Liu WQ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu BY;Lei CY;Liu WQ
全球环境变化导致局部异常低温的增加，并且增加的氮（N）沉积是世界范围内公认的现象。低温胁迫（LTS）和过量的氮都能诱导植物的氧化胁迫，过量的氮也会降低植物对低温胁迫的抗性。苔藓是原始植物，通常比维管植物对环境因素的变化更敏感。研究了氮沉降和低温胁迫对藓类植物碳氮代谢的综合影响。fuscatum和灰藓，暴露于不同浓度的硝酸盐（KNO 3）或铵（NH 4Cl），处理与或不与LTS。C/N代谢指标，然后监测，无论是立即后的压力和短期恢复期后（10天）。LTS降低了光系统II（PSII）的性能指数，并抑制非循环磷酸化，核酮糖-1，5-二磷酸羧化酶，谷氨酰胺合成酶的活动，表明损害PSII和减少C/N同化在这些苔藓。LTS不影响环腺苷磷酸化、蔗糖合成酶、蔗糖磷酸合成酶和NADP-异柠檬酸脱氢酶的活性，表明苔藓中维持一定水平的能量和C骨架生成以对抗LTS;然而，LTS抑制乙醇酸氧化酶的活性。正如所预测的那样，氮供应增加的敏感性的苔藓LTS，导致更大的损害PSII和急剧下降的C/N同化。恢复期后，PS Ⅱ和C/N代谢的表现，这是抑制LTS显着增加，并普遍高于那些没有暴露于LTS的对照样品，表明过度补偿效应，但施氮降低了补偿效应的程度。C和N代谢在H. plumaeforme的生长速率高于P. cirratum subsp. fuscatum。加入N后差异尤为明显，表明H. plumaeforme可能对温度和氮的变化更有弹性，这可以解释它在自然环境中更广泛的分布。
Global environmental changes are leading to an increase in localized abnormally low temperatures and increasing nitrogen (N) deposition is a phenomenon recognized worldwide. Both low temperature stress (LTS) and excess N induce oxidative stress in plants, and excess N also reduces their resistance to LTS. Mosses are primitive plants that are generally more sensitive to alterations in environmental factors than vascular species. To study the combined effects of N deposition and LTS on carbon (C) and N metabolism in moss, two moss species, Pogonatum cirratum subsp. fuscatum, and Hypnum plumaeforme, exposed to various concentrations of nitrate (KNO3) or ammonium (NH4Cl), were treated with or without LTS. C/N metabolism indices were then monitored, both immediately after the stress and after a short recovery period (10 days). LTS decreased the photosystem II (PSII) performance index and inhibited non-cyclic photophosphorylation, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, and glutamine synthetase activities, indicating damage to PSII and reductions in C/N assimilation in these mosses. LTS did not affect cyclic photophosphorylation, sucrose synthase, sucrose-phosphate synthase, and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase activities, suggesting a certain level of energy and C skeleton generation were maintained in the mosses to combat LTS; however, LTS inhibited the activity of glycolate oxidase. As predicted, N supply increased the sensitivity of the mosses to LTS, resulting in greater damage to PSII and a sharper decrease in C/N assimilation. After the recovery period, the performance of PSII and C/N metabolism, which were inhibited by LTS increased significantly, and were generally higher than those of control samples not exposed to LTS, suggesting overcompensation effects; however, N application reduced the extent of compensation effects. Both C and N metabolism exhibited stronger compensation effects in H. plumaeforme than in P. cirratum subsp. fuscatum. The difference was especially pronounced after addition of N, indicating that H. plumaeforme may be more resilient to temperature and N variation, which could explain its wider distribution in the natural environment.
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