Predictable hydrodynamic conditions explain temporal variations in the density of benthic foraging seabirds in a tidal stream environment
Predictable hydrodynamic conditions explain temporal variations in the density of benthic foraging seabirds in a tidal stream environment
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可预测的水动力条件解释了潮汐流环境中底栖觅食海鸟密度的时间变化
DOI：
10.1093/icesjms/fsw100
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Waggitt J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Waggitt J
潮汐流涡轮机可能会对在潮汐流环境中觅食的追逐潜水海鸟产生几种直接影响（平均水平流速> 2 ms-1），包括碰撞和位移。了解觅食的海鸟如何对设备周围随时间变化但可预测的水动力条件作出反应，可以确定海鸟和设备之间的相互作用最有可能发生的时间;可以量化潜在影响程度的信息，也有助于制定适当的缓解措施。本研究使用基于海岸的观测调查和有限体积社区海洋模型输出，以测试是否时间可预测的水动力条件（水平流速，水位，湍流）影响觅食的黑guillemotsCephus grylle和欧洲shagsPhalacrocorax aristotelisin潮汐流环境中的密度在奥克尼，英国，在繁殖季节。这些鱼种特别容易受到装置的影响，因为它们倾向于利用海底或海底附近的底栖和底外生物猎物。这两个物种的密度下降的函数的水平流速，而黑鸟的密度也下降的函数的水海拔。这些关系可能与在特别快的水平流速（>3 ms-1）和更深的水中潜水的更高能量成本有关。因此，这些物种和移动组件之间的相互作用似乎不太可能在特别高的水平流速。结合这些信息，在较低的水平流速的旋转速率的移动组件，可以用来评估碰撞风险在这个网站在繁殖季节。也有可能在最低水位和最低水平流速期间调节任何设备操作，可以降低本季节该地点这些物种发生碰撞的风险。本研究中使用的方法可能在环境影响评估中具有有用的应用，在评估和减轻开发场地内特定设备的负面影响时应予以考虑。
Tidal stream turbines could have several direct impacts upon pursuit-diving seabirds foraging within tidal stream environments (mean horizontal current speeds > 2 ms−1), including collisions and displacement. Understanding how foraging seabirds respond to temporally variable but predictable hydrodynamic conditions immediately around devices could identify when interactions between seabirds and devices are most likely to occur; information which would quantify the magnitude of potential impacts, and also facilitate the development of suitable mitigation measures. This study uses shore-based observational surveys and Finite Volume Community Ocean Model outputs to test whether temporally predictable hydrodynamic conditions (horizontal current speeds, water elevation, turbulence) influenced the density of foraging black guillemotsCepphus grylleand European shagsPhalacrocorax aristotelisin a tidal stream environment in Orkney, United Kingdom, during the breeding season. These species are particularly vulnerable to interactions with devices due to their tendency to exploit benthic and epi-benthic prey on or near the seabed. The density of both species decreased as a function of horizontal current speeds, whereas the density of black guillemots also decreased as a function of water elevation. These relationships could be linked to higher energetic costs of dives in particularly fast horizontal current speeds (>3 ms−1) and deeper water. Therefore, interactions between these species and moving components seem unlikely at particularly high horizontal current speeds. Combining this information, with that on the rotation rates of moving components at lower horizontal current speeds, could be used to assess collision risk in this site during breeding seasons. It is also likely that moderating any device operation during both lowest water elevation and lowest horizontal current speeds could reduce the risk of collisions for these species in this site during this season. The approaches used in this study could have useful applications within Environmental Impact Assessments, and should be considered when assessing and mitigating negative impacts from specific devices within development sites.
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影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Embling, Clare B.;Illian, Janine;Scott, Beth E.
通讯作者：
Scott, Beth E.
强潮汐区冬季潜水鸟类的觅食行为和资源分配
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kathryn J. Holm;A. Burger
通讯作者：
A. Burger
英国彭特兰湾黑海鸠的潜水行为：与潮汐流能源开发相互作用的潜力
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Elizabeth A. Masden;S. Foster;A. C. Jackson
通讯作者：
A. C. Jackson
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Torres;R. Uncles
通讯作者：
R. Uncles
河口和沿海水域建模
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Torres;R. Uncles
通讯作者：
R. Uncles