Blood pressure and urinary sodium in men and women: the Norfolk Cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC-Norfolk).
Blood pressure and urinary sodium in men and women: the Norfolk Cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC-Norfolk).
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男性和女性的血压和尿钠：欧洲癌症前瞻性调查诺福克队列 (EPIC-Norfolk)。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
N. Day
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Khaw;S. Bingham;A. Welch;R. Luben;E. O’Brien;N. Wareham;N. Day
背景
大量证据表明，高钠摄入量与高血压有因果关系，但关于在一般人群中减少膳食钠的建议的争论仍在继续。一个关键问题是，在自由生活人群中可行的范围内，通常钠摄入量的差异是否具有临床或公共卫生相关性。
目的
我们研究了血压和尿钠之间的关系，尿钠是饮食摄入量的标志。
设计
这是一项对23104名年龄在45-79岁之间的社区生活成年人的研究。
结果
平均收缩压和舒张压随着尿钠/肌酐比值的增加而增加（根据随机尿样估计），在顶部和底部五分位数之间，收缩压差异为7.2 mm Hg，舒张压差异为3.0 mm Hg（P < 0.0001）。这一趋势与年龄、体重指数、尿钾：肌酐和吸烟无关，与性别和高血压病史一致。收缩压>/= 160 mm Hg的患病率从最高五分之一的12%下降到最低五分之一的6%;收缩压>/= 160 mm Hg的优势比为2.48（95% CI：1.90，3.22）男性和2.67（95% CI：2.08，3.43）女性在顶部与底部的尿钠五分位数相比。最低和最高五分位数的估计平均钠摄入量分别约为80和220 mmol/d。
结论
在自由生活人群中发现的通常范围内，尿钠（膳食钠摄入量的指标）的差异与临床和公共卫生相关性的血压差异相关。我们的研究结果强化了降低普通人群平均钠摄入量的建议。
BACKGROUND
Abundant evidence indicates that a high sodium intake is causally related to high blood pressure, but debate over recommendations to reduce dietary sodium in the general population continues. A key issue is whether differences in usual sodium intake within the range feasible in free-living populations have clinical or public health relevance.
OBJECTIVE
We examined the relation between blood pressure and urinary sodium as a marker of dietary intake.
DESIGN
This was a study of 23104 community-living adults aged 45-79 y.
RESULTS
Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased as the ratio of urinary sodium to creatinine increased (as estimated from a casual urine sample), with differences of 7.2 mm Hg for systolic blood pressure and 3.0 mm Hg for diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.0001) between the top and bottom quintiles. This trend was independent of age, body mass index, urinary potassium:creatinine, and smoking and was consistent by sex and history of hypertension. The prevalence of those with systolic blood pressure >/= 160 mm Hg halved from 12% in the top quintile to 6% in the bottom quintile; the odds ratio for having systolic blood pressure >/= 160 mm Hg was 2.48 (95% CI: 1.90, 3.22) for men and 2.67 (95% CI: 2.08, 3.43) for women in the top compared with the bottom quintile of urinary sodium. Estimated mean sodium intakes in the lowest and highest quintiles were approximately 80 and 220 mmol/d, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Within the usual range found in a free-living population, differences in urinary sodium, an indicator of dietary sodium intake, are associated with blood pressure differences of clinical and public health relevance. Our findings reinforce recommendations to lower average sodium intakes in the general population.
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
KHAW, KT;BARRETTCONNOR, E
通讯作者：
BARRETTCONNOR, E
随着年龄的增长，血压对膳食钠和钾的敏感性增加。
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Khaw,KT;Barrett-Connor,E
通讯作者：
Barrett-Connor,E