Largely intact memory for spatial locations during navigation in an individual with dense amnesia.
Largely intact memory for spatial locations during navigation in an individual with dense amnesia.
复制标题
重度失忆症患者在导航过程中对空间位置的基本完整记忆。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108225
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发表时间：
2022-06-06
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Ekstrom, Arne D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McAvan, Andrew S.;Wank, Aubrey A.;Rapcsak, Steven Z.;Grilli, Matthew D.;Ekstrom, Arne D.
关键词：
空间导航和事件记忆（称为情景记忆）被认为是紧密交织在一起的，无论是在他们的认知过程和潜在的神经系统。一些理论模型认为，在导航过程中对地点的记忆和情景记忆都依赖于高度重叠的大脑系统。在这里，我们通过测试严重逆行性和顺行性失忆症患者的导航能力来评估这种关系；健忘症源于两次中风造成的双侧内侧颞叶损伤。健忘症患者和年龄匹配的对照组在一个沉浸式的虚拟环境中自由行走，测试他们对之前看到的物体相对于远山线索的位置的记忆。所有的参与者都从重复的和新的起始位置进行测试，当一个远端山形线索在不知情的情况下移动时，以确定他们是否更依赖于一个（信标）线索，而不是所有远端线索的集合。与年龄匹配的对照组相比，健忘症患者在从重复起点或新起点出发的导航方面没有明显缺陷，尽管健忘症患者和对照组在将物体放置在正确位置附近的表现都高于随机。健忘症患者也依赖于远端线索的组合，其方式与年龄匹配的对照组相当。尽管对远端线索的位置记忆基本完好，但失忆症患者走的路更长，旋转更多，完成试验所需的时间更长。我们的研究结果表明，在导航和情景记忆中，对地点的记忆可能涉及部分可分离的大脑回路，而内侧颞叶以外的其他大脑区域部分支持导航的某些方面。与此同时，患有健忘症的人走的路更曲折，对自传体事件有更严重的健忘症，这一事实支持了海马体可能在记忆中扮演更重要角色的信息绑定方面很重要的观点。
Spatial navigation and event memory (termed episodic memory) are thought to be heavily intertwined, both in terms of their cognitive processes and underlying neural systems. Some theoretical models posit that both memory for places during navigation and episodic memory depend on highly overlapping brain systems. Here, we assessed this relationship by testing navigation in an individual with severe retrograde and anterograde amnesia; the amnesia stemmed from bilateral lesions in the medial temporal lobes from two separate strokes. The individual with amnesia and age-matched controls were tested on their memories for the locations of previously seen objects relative to distal mountain cues in an immersive virtual environment involving free ambulation. All participants were tested from both repeated and novel start locations and when a single distal mountain cue was unknowingly moved to determine if they relied on a single (beacon) cue to a greater extent than the collection of all distal cues. Compared to age-matched controls, the individual with amnesia showed no significant deficits in navigation from either the repeated or novel start points, although both the individual with amnesia and controls performed well above chance at placing objects near their correct locations. The individual with amnesia also relied on a combination of distal cues in a manner comparable to age-matched controls. Despite largely intact memory for locations using distal cues, the individual with amnesia walked longer paths, rotated more, and took longer to complete trials. Our findings suggest that memory for places during navigation and episodic memory may involve partially dissociable brain circuits and that other brain regions outside of the medial temporal lobe partially support some aspects of navigation. At the same time, the fact that the individual with amnesia walked more circuitous paths and had dense amnesia for autobiographic events supports the idea that the hippocampus may be important for binding information as part of a larger role in memory.
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