The crystal structures of yeast Get3 suggest a mechanism for tail-anchored protein membrane insertion.

The crystal structures of yeast Get3 suggest a mechanism for tail-anchored protein membrane insertion.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0008061
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发表时间:
2009-11-30
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Sha B
Sha B
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hu J;Li J;Qian X;Denic V;Sha B

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尾锚蛋白是一类独特的膜蛋白,它包含一个c端跨膜螺旋。酵母TA蛋白翻译后插入内质网膜需要高尔基内质网转运(GET)复合体,该复合体包含Get1, Get2和Get3。Get3是一种atp酶,识别并结合TA蛋白的c端跨膜结构域(TMD)。我们分别从酿酒酵母(S. cerevisiae)和汉斯酵母(D. hansenii)中测定了Get3的晶体结构。这些高分辨率的晶体结构表明,Get3含有一个核苷酸结合结构域和一个结合TA蛋白TMD的“手指”结构域。酿酒酵母Get3结构指状结构域上的一个大疏水沟可能是TA蛋白TMD的结合位点。来自对称性相关的Get3分子的疏水螺旋位于tmd结合槽中并模拟TA结合场景。有趣的是,S. cerevisiae和D. hansenii的Get3二聚体的晶体结构表现出不同的构象。S. cerevisiae的Get3二聚体结构不含核苷酸并保持“开放”构象,而D. hansenii的Get3二聚体结构与ADP结合并保持“封闭”构象。我们提出,在开放和封闭构象之间切换Get3的构象变化可能有助于TA蛋白的膜插入。
Tail-anchored (TA) proteins represent a unique class of membrane proteins that contain a single C-terminal transmembrane helix. The post-translational insertion of the yeast TA proteins into the ER membrane requires the Golgi ER trafficking (GET) complex which contains Get1, Get2 and Get3. Get3 is an ATPase that recognizes and binds the C-terminal transmembrane domain (TMD) of the TA proteins. We have determined the crystal structures of Get3 from two yeast species, S. cerevisiae and D. hansenii, respectively. These high resolution crystal structures show that Get3 contains a nucleotide-binding domain and a “finger” domain for binding the TA protein TMD. A large hydrophobic groove on the finger domain of S. cerevisiae Get3 structure might represent the binding site for TMD of TA proteins. A hydrophobic helix from a symmetry-related Get3 molecule sits in the TMD-binding groove and mimics the TA binding scenario. Interestingly, the crystal structures of the Get3 dimers from S. cerevisiae and D. hansenii exhibit distinct conformations. The S. cerevisiae Get3 dimer structure does not contain nucleotides and maintains an “open” conformation, while the D. hansenii Get3 dimer structure binds ADP and stays in a “closed” conformation. We propose that the conformational changes to switch the Get3 between the open and closed conformations may facilitate the membrane insertions for TA proteins.
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