Tobacco addiction and the dysregulation of brain stress systems.
Tobacco addiction and the dysregulation of brain stress systems.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.02.015
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发表时间：
2012-05
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Bruijnzeel, Adrie W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bruijnzeel, Adrie W.
烟草是一种高度成瘾的药物，是世界上滥用最广泛的药物之一。本综述的第一部分探讨了压力源和压力相关的精神疾病在吸烟的开始，吸烟的维持和戒烟一段时间后复发的作用。回顾的研究表明，压力促进吸烟的开始，减少戒烟的动机，并增加复发的风险。此外，患有抑郁症或焦虑症的人比没有这些疾病的人更容易吸烟。本文的第二部分描述了研究大脑应激系统在尼古丁成瘾中的作用的动物研究。这些研究表明促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子、神经肽Y、下丘脑泌素和去甲肾上腺素在尼古丁成瘾中起关键作用。总之，回顾的研究表明，吸烟短暂地降低了主观压力水平，但也导致了大脑压力系统的进一步失调。降低大脑应激系统活动的药物可能会减少尼古丁戒断并提高戒烟率。
Tobacco is a highly addictive drug and is one of the most widely abused drugs in the world. The first part of this review explores the role of stressors and stress-associated psychiatric disorders in the initiation of smoking, the maintenance of smoking, and relapse after a period of abstinence. The reviewed studies indicate that stressors facilitate the initiation of smoking, decrease the motivation to quit, and increase the risk for relapse. Furthermore, people with depression or an anxiety disorder are more likely to smoke than people without these disorders. The second part of this review describes animal studies that investigated the role of brain stress systems in nicotine addiction. These studies indicate that corticotropin-releasing factor, Neuropeptide Y, the hypocretins, and norepinephrine play a pivotal role in nicotine addiction. In conclusion, the reviewed studies indicate that smoking briefly decreases subjective stress levels but also leads to a further dysregulation of brain stress systems. Drugs that decrease the activity of brain stress systems may diminish nicotine withdrawal and improve smoking cessation rates.
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影响因子：
120.7
作者：
ANDA, RF;WILLIAMSON, DF;REMINGTON, PL
通讯作者：
REMINGTON, PL
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
BALDWIN, HA;RASSNICK, S;BRITTON, KT
通讯作者：
BRITTON, KT
影响因子：
--
作者：
Balfour, David J K
通讯作者：
Balfour, David J K
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
BALFOUR, DJK;KHULLAR, AK;LONGDEN, A
通讯作者：
LONGDEN, A
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
ADRIAN, TE;ALLEN, JM;POLAK, JM
通讯作者：
POLAK, JM