Do Children Copy an Expert or a Majority? Examining Selective Learning in Instrumental and Normative Contexts.

Do Children Copy an Expert or a Majority? Examining Selective Learning in Instrumental and Normative Contexts.
复制标题

DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0164698
复制
发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Whiten A
Whiten A
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Burdett ER;Lucas AJ;Buchsbaum D;McGuigan N;Wood LA;Whiten A

文献摘要

参考文献

被引文献

相似文献

本研究探讨了工具性和规范性学习环境是否会对4- 7岁儿童的社会学习策略产生不同的影响,具体而言,他们倾向于模仿专家与大多数人的共识。实验1(N = 44)确定,儿童复制一个相对有能力的“专家”的个人在这两种学习环境中的不称职的个人。在实验2(N = 80)中,我们测试了在两种不同的学习环境中,孩子们是否会模仿一个有能力的人,而不是大多数人。结果表明,个别儿童在策略上存在差异,在两次不同的测试试验中,他们更喜欢模仿有能力的个人或大多数人。这项研究是第一个表明,儿童更喜欢复制更有能力的个人时,显示竞争的方法来实现一个工具性的目标(实验1),并提供了新的证据表明,儿童,至少在我们的“个人主义”的文化,可能始终表达能力或多数偏见学习工具和规范的信息(实验2)。这种效果在我们应用的工具性和规范性学习环境中是相似的。
This study examined whether instrumental and normative learning contexts differentially influence 4- to 7-year-old children’s social learning strategies; specifically, their dispositions to copy an expert versus a majority consensus. Experiment 1 (N = 44) established that children copied a relatively competent “expert” individual over an incompetent individual in both kinds of learning context. In experiment 2 (N = 80) we then tested whether children would copy a competent individual versus a majority, in each of the two different learning contexts. Results showed that individual children differed in strategy, preferring with significant consistency across two different test trials to copy either the competent individual or the majority. This study is the first to show that children prefer to copy more competent individuals when shown competing methods of achieving an instrumental goal (Experiment 1) and provides new evidence that children, at least in our “individualist” culture, may consistently express either a competency or majority bias in learning both instrumental and normative information (Experiment 2). This effect was similar in the instrumental and normative learning contexts we applied.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2011.06.008
发表时间: 2011-12-01
影响因子: 2.6
作者:
Fusaro, Maria;Corriveau, Kathleen H.;Harris, Paul L.
通讯作者: Harris, Paul L.
DOI: 10.1037/h0046408
发表时间: 1955-01-01
期刊: JOUR ABNORMAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOL
影响因子: --
作者:
DEUTSCH, MORTON;GERARD, HAROLD B.
通讯作者: GERARD, HAROLD B.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00792.x
发表时间: 2009-05-01
影响因子: 3.7
作者:
Corriveau, Kathleen;Harris, Paul L.
通讯作者: Harris, Paul L.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00932.x
发表时间: 2010-09-01
影响因子: 3.7
作者:
Brosseau-Liard, Patricia E.;Birch, Susan A. J.
通讯作者: Birch, Susan A. J.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2012.12.011
发表时间: 2013-07-01
影响因子: 2.6
作者:
Cluver, Annette;Heyman, Gail;Carver, Leslie J.
通讯作者: Carver, Leslie J.