The fungal cultivar of leaf-cutter ants produces specific enzymes in response to different plant substrates.
The fungal cultivar of leaf-cutter ants produces specific enzymes in response to different plant substrates.
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切叶蚁的真菌品种会针对不同的植物基质产生特定的酶。
DOI：
10.1111/mec.13872
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发表时间：
2016-11
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Currie CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khadempour L;Burnum-Johnson KE;Baker ES;Nicora CD;Webb-Robertson BM;White RA 3rd;Monroe ME;Huang EL;Smith RD;Currie CR
食草动物利用共生微生物从植物材料中获取能量和营养。切叶蚁就是一个典型的例子，它们利用工蚁从不同植物物种中采集的植物生物质来培养共生真菌 Leucoagaricus gongylophorus。在这里，我们研究了蚂蚁真菌品种利用不同植物生物量的代谢灵活性。利用喂养实验和宏蛋白质组学的新方法，我们检查了 L. gogylophorus 对叶子、花、燕麦或三者混合物的酶反应。在所有处理中，我们的分析鉴定并量化了 1,766 种不同的真菌蛋白，其中包括 161 种假定的生物质降解酶。我们发现饲喂不同植物基质的亚菌落的真菌花园中的蛋白质谱存在显着差异。当提供叶子或花朵时，真菌花园会产生更多的蛋白质，这些蛋白质预计会分解纤维素：内切葡聚糖酶、外切葡聚糖酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶，其中大部分能量都以顽固的植物聚合物的形式存在。此外，叶子和花处理的完整宏蛋白质组非常相似，而混合底物处理与单独燕麦的处理非常相似。这表明，当提供植物基质混合物时，真菌花园优先分解更简单、更易消化的基质。真菌品种的这种灵活的、针对底物的酶反应使切叶蚁能够从多种底物中获取能量，这可能有助于它们成为占主导地位的通才食草动物。
Herbivores use symbiotic microbes to help derive energy and nutrients from plant material. Leaf-cutter ants are a paradigmatic example, cultivating their mutualistic fungus Leucoagaricus gongylophorus on plant biomass that workers forage from a diverse collection of plant species. Here, we investigate the metabolic flexibility of the ants’ fungal cultivar for utilizing different plant biomass. Using feeding experiments and a novel approach in metaproteomics, we examine the enzymatic response of L. gongylophorus to leaves, flowers, oats, or a mixture of all three. Across all treatments, our analysis identified and quantified 1,766 different fungal proteins, including 161 putative biomass-degrading enzymes. We found significant differences in the protein profiles in the fungus gardens of sub-colonies fed different plant substrates. When provided with leaves or flowers, which contain the majority of their energy as recalcitrant plant polymers, the fungus gardens produced more proteins predicted to break down cellulose: endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase. Further, the complete metaproteomes for the leaves and flowers treatments were very similar, while the mixed substrate treatment closely resembled the treatment with oats alone. This indicates that when provided a mixture of plant substrates, fungus gardens preferentially break down the simpler, more digestible substrates. This flexible, substrate-specific enzymatic response of the fungal cultivar allows leaf-cutter ants to derive energy from a wide range of substrates, which likely contributes to their ability to be dominant generalist herbivores.
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DOI：
10.1128/genomea.00239-12
发表时间：
2013-03-01
期刊：
GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Aylward, Frank O.;Tremmel, Daniel M.;Curri, Cameron R.
通讯作者：
Curri, Cameron R.
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Aylward FO;Suen G;Biedermann PH;Adams AS;Scott JJ;Malfatti SA;Glavina del Rio T;Tringe SG;Poulsen M;Raffa KF;Klepzig KD;Currie CR
通讯作者：
Currie CR
影响因子：
11
作者：
Aylward, Frank O.;Burnum, Kristin E.;Currie, Cameron R.
通讯作者：
Currie, Cameron R.
影响因子：
7
作者：
Baker, Erin Shammel;Burnum-Johnson, Kristin E.;Smith, Richard D.
通讯作者：
Smith, Richard D.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Baker ES;Burnum-Johnson KE;Ibrahim YM;Orton DJ;Monroe ME;Kelly RT;Moore RJ;Zhang X;Théberge R;Costello CE;Smith RD
通讯作者：
Smith RD