Toll and IMD Immune Pathways Are Important Antifungal Defense Components in a Pupal Parasitoid, Pteromalus puparum.
Toll and IMD Immune Pathways Are Important Antifungal Defense Components in a Pupal Parasitoid, Pteromalus puparum.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms241814088
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发表时间：
2023-09-14
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
昆虫采用多方面的策略来对抗入侵的真菌，免疫是一种很有前途的机制。免疫通路在信号转导和放大中发挥作用，最终导致抗菌肽的激活。虽然一些研究表明免疫通路负责防御真菌，但寄生蜂免疫通路在抗真菌反应中的作用尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们评价了一种寄生在白僵菌(白僵菌)的寄生蜂Pteromalus puparum(膜翅目：Pteromalidae)的Toll和IMD通路在防治白僵菌中的作用。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)证实球孢白僵菌在蚕蛾成虫上定殖成功。对球孢白僵菌感染诱导产生AMP。Toll和IMD信号通路中的关键基因PpTollA和PpIMD分别被敲除，显著降低了昆虫对真菌感染的防御能力。与对照相比，PpTollA或PpIMD基因的敲除显著地促进了球孢杆菌的增殖，导致其存活率下降，并下调了AMP的表达水平。这些数据表明，PpTollA和PpIMD分别参与了Toll和IMD介导的抗真菌反应的激活。综上所述，本研究极大地拓宽了我们对寄生蜂抗真菌免疫的认识。
Insects employ multifaceted strategies to combat invading fungi, with immunity being a promising mechanism. Immune pathways function in signal transduction and amplification, ultimately leading to the activation of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Although several studies have shown that immune pathways are responsible for defending against fungi, the roles of parasitoid immune pathways involved in antifungal responses remain unknown. In this study, we evaluated the roles of the Toll and IMD pathways of a pupal parasitoid, Pteromalus puparum (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), in fighting against Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). Successful colonization of B. bassiana on P. puparum adults was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). AMPs were induced upon B. bassiana infection. The knockdown of key genes, PpTollA and PpIMD, in Toll and IMD signaling pathways, respectively, significantly compromised insect defense against fungal infection. The knockdown of either PpTollA or PpIMD in P. puparum dramatically promoted the proliferation of B. bassiana, resulting in a decreased survival rate and downregulated expression levels of AMPs against B. bassiana compared to controls. These data indicated that PpTollA and PpIMD participate in Toll and IMD-mediated activation of antifungal responses, respectively. In summary, this study has greatly broadened our knowledge of the parasitoid antifungal immunity against fungi.
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Binggeli O;Neyen C;Poidevin M;Lemaitre B
通讯作者：
Lemaitre B
影响因子：
4.8
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Hedengren-Olcott, M;Olcott, MC;Taylor, BJ
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影响因子：
2.2
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Polanczyk, R. A.
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Paszkiewicz, Monika;Golebiowski, Marek;Stepnowski, Piotr
通讯作者：
Stepnowski, Piotr
影响因子：
16
作者：
Hedengren, M;Åsling, B;Hultmark, D
通讯作者：
Hultmark, D