Race and Gender-Based Perceptions of Older Adults: Will the Youth Lead the Way?
Race and Gender-Based Perceptions of Older Adults: Will the Youth Lead the Way?
复制标题
基于种族和基于性别的老年人的看法：青年会带走吗？
DOI：
10.1007/s40615-020-00903-7
复制
发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Breathett K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Solola S;Luy L;Herrera-Theut K;Zabala L;Torabzadeh E;Bedrick EJ;Yee E;Larsen A;Stone J;McEwen M;Calhoun E;Crist JD;Hebdon M;Pool N;Carnes M;Sweitzer N;Breathett K
老年人遇到最大的种族/性别偏见。目前尚不清楚经常领导文化转变的年轻一代是否对老年人有种族和性别偏见。使用亚马逊的Mechanical Turk的众包，我们确定了一个人的种族和性别如何与60多岁的人的看法相关联。参与者被要求在李克特量表（1-10）上对照片外观进行评分。参与者和照片种族和性别之间的相互作用进行了评估与混合效应模型。Delta代表评分差异（白人或女性的评分为正值，非裔美国人或男性的评分为负值）。在1563名参与者中（平均35岁± 12岁）非西班牙裔白色（WP）和所有其他种族/民族（OP）参与者都认为非洲裔美国人的照片更值得信赖[Delta WP-0.60（95%CI-0.83，−0.37）; Delta OP −0.51（-0.74，-0.28），交互作用p=0.06]，更具吸引力[Delta非西班牙裔白色参与者-0.63（−0.97，−0.29）; Delta其他种族/族裔参与者−0.40（-0.74，-0.28），相互作用p<0.001]，更健康[Delta WP-0.31（−0.53，−0.08）; Delta OP −0.24（−0.45，−0.03），交互作用p=1.00]，威胁性低于白色照片[Delta WP 0.79（0.36，1.22）; Delta OP 0.60（0.17，1.03），交互作用p<0.001]。与OP相比，WP认为非洲裔美国人的照片更有利于智力（交互p<0.001）。两种性别都认为女性照片更值得信赖[Delta女性（WmP）0.50（0.27，0.73）; Delta男性参与者（MNP）0.31（0.08，0.54）;交互p<0.001]，男性照片更具威胁性[Delta WmP-0.84（-1.27，-0.41），Delta MNP-0.77（-1.20，-0.34），交互p=0.93]。与MNP相比，WmP认为女性照片比男性更快乐、更有吸引力（交互作用p<0.001）。与WmP相比，MNP认为男性比女性更健康（交互作用p<0.001）。在年轻一代中，年长的非洲裔美国人被认为比白人更受欢迎。性别观念遵循性别规范。这表明对老年少数群体的隐性偏见有所下降，但性别偏见仍然存在。未来的工作应该调查在医疗保健中是否观察到类似的模式。
Older individuals encounter the greatest racial/gender biases. It is unknown whether younger generations, who often lead culture shifts, have racial and gender biases against older populations. Using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk’s crowdsourcing, we identified how an individual’s race and gender are associated with perceptions of individuals aged mid 60s. Participants were asked to rate photograph appearances on Likert Scale (1-10). Interactions between participant and photograph race and gender were assessed with mixed effects models. Delta represents rating differences (positive value higher rating for Whites or women, negative value higher rating for African-Americans or men). Among 1563 participants (mean 35years± 12) both non-Hispanic White (WP) and all Other race/ethnicity (OP) participants perceived African-American photos as more trustworthy [Delta WP −0.60(95%CI-0.83,−0.37); Delta OP −0.51(−0.74,−0.28), interaction p=0.06], more attractive [Delta non-Hispanic White participants −0.63(−0.97,−0.29); Delta Other race/ethnicity participants −0.40(−0.74,−0.28), interaction p<0.001], healthier [Delta WP −0.31(−0.53, −0.08); Delta OP −0.24(−0.45, −0.03), interaction p=1.00] and less threatening than White photos [Delta WP 0.79(0.36,1.22); Delta OP 0.60(0.17,1.03), interaction p<0.001]. Compared to OP, WP perceived African-American photos more favorably for intelligence (interaction p<0.001). Both genders perceived photos of women as more trustworthy [Delta Women(WmP) 0.50(0.27,0.73); Delta Men Participants(MnP) 0.31(0.08,0.54); interaction p<0.001] and men as more threatening [Delta WmP −0.84(−1.27, −0.41), Delta MnP −0.77(−1.20, −0.34), interaction p=0.93]. Compared to MnP, WmP perceived photos of women as happier and more attractive than men (interaction p<0.001). Compared to WmP, MnP perceived men as healthier than women (interaction p<0.001). Among a young generation, older African-Americans were perceived more favorably than Whites. Gender perceptions followed gender norms. This suggests a decline in implicit bias against older minorities, but gender biases persist. Future work should investigate whether similar patterns are observed in healthcare.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
9.7
作者：
Auerbach, David I.;Buerhaus, Peter I.;Staiger, Douglas O.
通讯作者：
Staiger, Douglas O.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Ma, Debbie S.;Correll, Joshua;Wittenbrink, Bernd
通讯作者：
Wittenbrink, Bernd
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Blair, Irene V.;Steiner, John F.;Havranek, Edward P.
通讯作者：
Havranek, Edward P.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Kales, HC;Neighbors, HW;Mellow, AM
通讯作者：
Mellow, AM
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Janmaat, Jan G.;Keating, Avril
通讯作者：
Keating, Avril