Thymus Functionality Needs More Than a Few TECs.
Thymus Functionality Needs More Than a Few TECs.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2022.864777
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
van Oers, Nicolai S. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhalla, Pratibha;Su, Dong-Ming;van Oers, Nicolai S. C.
关键词：
胸腺是一个主要的淋巴器官，产生免疫系统的T细胞。在胚胎发育过程中起源于第三咽囊，该器官在整个生命中发挥作用。然而，胸腺生成可以是短暂的或永久性的损害，视所遇到的系统性压力的类型而定。胸腺在衰老过程中也会经历功能衰退，导致幼稚T细胞输出的进行性减少。胸腺微环境恶化，包括但不限于上皮细胞向间充质细胞转化、纤维化和脂肪生成，证明了这种萎缩。对生命不同阶段胸腺细胞变化的探索，包括免疫缺陷小鼠模型和单细胞RNA测序，揭示了影响胸腺功能的不同细胞类型的数量不断增加。通过未成熟和成熟胸腺细胞与胸腺上皮细胞（TEC）之间的相互作用建立的胸腺微环境是众所周知的。不太了解的是胸腺微环境中神经嵴细胞衍生的间充质细胞、内皮细胞、不同的造血细胞群、脂肪细胞和成纤维细胞的贡献。在目前的审查中，我们将探讨的贡献，参与正常和病理生理过程下的胸腺的形成，扩张和收缩的许多基质细胞类型。这些信息将更好地为恢复胸腺功能的方法提供信息，包括胸腺类器官技术，当个体自身的组织先天性、临床上或意外地丧失功能时，这种方法是有益的。
The thymus, a primary lymphoid organ, produces the T cells of the immune system. Originating from the 3rd pharyngeal pouch during embryogenesis, this organ functions throughout life. Yet, thymopoiesis can be transiently or permanently damaged contingent on the types of systemic stresses encountered. The thymus also undergoes a functional decline during aging, resulting in a progressive reduction in naïve T cell output. This atrophy is evidenced by a deteriorating thymic microenvironment, including, but not limited, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions, fibrosis and adipogenesis. An exploration of cellular changes in the thymus at various stages of life, including mouse models of in-born errors of immunity and with single cell RNA sequencing, is revealing an expanding number of distinct cell types influencing thymus functions. The thymus microenvironment, established through interactions between immature and mature thymocytes with thymus epithelial cells (TEC), is well known. Less well appreciated are the contributions of neural crest cell-derived mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells, diverse hematopoietic cell populations, adipocytes, and fibroblasts in the thymic microenvironment. In the current review, we will explore the contributions of the many stromal cell types participating in the formation, expansion, and contraction of the thymus under normal and pathophysiological processes. Such information will better inform approaches for restoring thymus functionality, including thymus organoid technologies, beneficial when an individuals’ own tissue is congenitally, clinically, or accidentally rendered non-functional.
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影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Bautista JL;Cramer NT;Miller CN;Chavez J;Berrios DI;Byrnes LE;Germino J;Ntranos V;Sneddon JB;Burt TD;Gardner JM;Ye CJ;Anderson MS;Parent AV
通讯作者：
Parent AV
DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.1601629
发表时间：
2017-03-15
期刊：
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Audiger C;Rahman MJ;Yun TJ;Tarbell KV;Lesage S
通讯作者：
Lesage S
影响因子：
9
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
7.5
作者：
Bosticardo, Marita;Pala, Francesca;Notarangelo, Luigi D.
通讯作者：
Notarangelo, Luigi D.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
AUERBACH, R
通讯作者：
AUERBACH, R