Beneficial effects of a decreased meal frequency on nutrient utilization, secretion of luteinizing hormones and ovarian follicular development in gilts.
Beneficial effects of a decreased meal frequency on nutrient utilization, secretion of luteinizing hormones and ovarian follicular development in gilts.
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减少进餐频率对后备母猪的营养利用、促黄体激素分泌和卵泡发育的有益影响
DOI：
10.1186/s40104-021-00564-4
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发表时间：
2021-04-06
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Zhuo Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hua L;Zhao L;Mao Z;Li W;Li J;Jiang X;Che L;Xu S;Lin Y;Fang Z;Feng B;Wu D;Zhuo Y
后备母猪通常是自由采食的，而来自人类和啮齿动物研究的新证据表明，有时间限制的食物获取对健康有益。本研究旨在探讨不同进食频率对后备母猪代谢状况和卵巢卵泡发育的影响。选用150±3日龄、体重77.6±3.8 kg的长白×约克郡公猪，随机分为3组（每组n= 12只），根据组分配，后备母猪以每天一餐（T1）、两餐（T2）或六餐（T6）的频率饲喂，连续14周。结果T1组母猪平均日增重高于T2组，而T2组母猪平均日增重高于T3组，差异有显著性（P < 0. 05与T6组相比，T6组大鼠体重增加（+4.9kg，P <0.05），体重增加（+ 48 g/d，P< 0.05）。除T1母猪的NDF消化率显著高于T6母猪外（P< 0.05），日粮频率对干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分和总能的表观消化率无影响。氮平衡分析显示，T1后备母猪的尿氮排泄量减少（− 8.17 g/d，P< 0.05），氮存留量增加（+ 9.81 g/d，P< 0.05），因此氮利用率高于T6后备母猪。血清中葡萄糖、α-氨基氮、尿素、乳酸和胰岛素水平的时程动态显示，T1组餐后营养物质利用率高于T2或T6后备母猪。T1母猪粪便中乙酸含量和SCFAs含量也高于T6母猪（P< 0.05）。初情期母猪的年龄、体重和背膘厚度不受进食频率的影响，但T1组母猪第3次发情周期第18天的血清促黄体激素和17β-雌二醇水平较高，生长卵泡和黄体数量较多，在第3个发情周期的第19天，卵泡发育相关基因的mRNA表达水平较高。在后备母猪中的功能，从而为后备母猪的营养策略和其他哺乳动物（如人类）的饮食模式提供新的见解。
BackgroundReplacement gilts are typically fedad libitum, whereas emerging evidence from human and rodent studies has revealed that time-restricted access to food has health benefits. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of meal frequency on the metabolic status and ovarian follicular development in gilts.MethodsA total of 36 gilts (Landrace × Yorkshire) with an age of 150±3 d and a body weight of 77.6±3.8 kg were randomly allocated into one of three groups (n= 12 in each group), and based on the group allocation, the gilts were fed at a frequency of one meal (T1), two meals (T2), or six meals per day (T6) for 14 consecutive weeks. The effects of the meal frequency on growth preference, nutrient utilization, short-chain fatty acid production by gut microbial, the post-meal dynamics in the metabolic status, reproductive hormone secretions, and ovarian follicular development in the gilts were measured.ResultsThe gilts in the T1 group presented a higher average daily gain (+ 48 g/d,P< 0.05) and a higher body weight (+ 4.9 kg,P< 0.05) than those in the T6 group. The meal frequency had no effect on the apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, ash, and gross energy, with the exception that the T1 gilts exhibited a greater NDF digestibility than the T6 gilts (P< 0.05). The nitrogen balance analysis revealed that the T1 gilts presented decreased urine excretion of nitrogen (− 8.17 g/d,P< 0.05) and higher nitrogen retention (+ 9.81 g/d,P< 0.05), and thus exhibited higher nitrogen utilization than the T6 gilts. The time-course dynamics of glucose, α-amino nitrogen, urea, lactate, and insulin levels in serum revealed that the T1 group exhibited higher utilization of nutrients after a meal than the T2 or T6 gilts. The T1 gilts also had a higher acetate content and SCFAs in feces than the T6 gilts (P< 0.05). The age, body weight and backfat thickness of the gilts at first estrous expression were not affected by the meal frequency, but the gilts in the T1 group had higher levels of serum luteinizing hormone on the 18th day of the 3rd estrus cycle and 17β-estradiol, a larger number of growing follicles and corpora lutea, and higher mRNA expression levels of genes related to follicular development on the 19th day of the 3rd estrus cycle.ConclusionsThe current findings revealed the benefits of a lower meal frequency equal feed intake on nutrient utilization and reproductive function in replacement gilts, and thus provide new insights into the nutritional strategy for replacement gilts, and the dietary pattern for other mammals, such as humans.
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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