Working memory capacity and sustained attention: A cognitive-energetic perspective.
Working memory capacity and sustained attention: A cognitive-energetic perspective.
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工作记忆能力和持续注意力：认知能量视角。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Robison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Unsworth;M. Robison
提出了对工作记忆能力（WMC）和持续注意力表现的个体差异的认知能量解释，这表明注意力强度（内在警觉性）的自愿控制的变化对于 WMC 和注意力控制之间的关系至关重要。为了检验这一说法，进行了四项检查个体差异的实验。结果表明，在刺激间隔 (ISI) 变化或固定为较长间隔的情况下，WMC 始终与最慢的反应时间相关。当 ISI 固定在较短的时间间隔内时，WMC 的变化与表现无关，这被认为会降低对内在警觉性的要求。目前的结果与以下假设一致：WMC 和持续注意力表现的正常变化部分是内在警觉性个体差异的结果，即低 WMC 个体比高 WMC 个体更难持续控制注意力强度。 WMC 与持续注意力表现之间关系的其他可能原因，例如目标激活的差异、目标激活的速度、试验期间的目标维持或在任务期间维持目标维持与较弱和不一致的证据相关。总的来说，我们建议当前的认知能量解释可用于理解 WMC 和注意力控制的个体差异及其与其他认知能力的关系。 （PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
A cognitive-energetic account of individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) and sustained attention performance is proposed suggesting that variation in the voluntary control of the intensity of attention (intrinsic alertness) is critical for the relation between WMC and attention control. Four experiments examining individual differences were conducted to test this account. The results suggested that WMC was consistently related to the slowest reaction times in conditions where the interstimulus interval (ISI) was varied or was fixed at a long interval. Variation in WMC was not related to performance when the ISI was fixed at a short interval which is thought to decrease demands on intrinsic alertness. The current results are consistent with the hypothesis that normal variation in WMC and sustained attention performance are partially the result of individual differences in intrinsic alertness whereby low WMC individuals are less able to consistently control the intensity of attention than high WMC individuals. Other possible reasons for the relation between WMC and sustained attention performance such as differences in goal activation, speed of goal activation, goal maintenance during a trial, or sustaining goal maintenance across the duration of the task were associated with weaker and inconsistent evidence. Collectively we suggest that the current cognitive-energetic account can be used to understand individual differences in WMC and attention control and their relations with other cognitive abilities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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DOI：
10.1093/geronj/48.6.p263
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
Journal of gerontology
影响因子：
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作者：
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2012-05
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Kane MJ
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56.9
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DOI：
10.1037/a0025896
发表时间：
2012-05
影响因子：
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