Revisiting an old friend: manganese-based MRI contrast agents.
Revisiting an old friend: manganese-based MRI contrast agents.
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DOI：
10.1002/wnan.116
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发表时间：
2011-03
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Lanza, Gregory M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pan, Dipanjan;Caruthers, Shelton D.;Senpan, Angana;Schmieder, Ann H.;Wickline, Samuel A.;Lanza, Gregory M.
非侵入性细胞和分子成像技术正在成为一个多学科领域，为在分子水平上了解疾病的组成、过程、动力学和治疗提供了希望。磁共振成像 (MRI) 是一项颇具吸引力的技术，因为它没有辐射且空间分辨率高，这使得它比涉及放射性同位素的技术更具优势。通常，顺磁性和超顺磁性金属用作基于 MR 的技术的对比材料。钆一直是主要的顺磁性对比金属，直到发现该金属与某些患有严重肾脏或肾脏疾病的患者的肾源性系统性纤维化（NSF）有关。锰是最早报道的用于 MRI 的顺磁对比材料之一，因为它具有有效的正对比增强作用。在这篇综述中，将介绍基于锰的造影剂方法，并特别强调纳米颗粒剂。我们讨论了传统使用的基于小分子的血池造影剂和最近开发的基于纳米颗粒的创新策略，重点介绍了许多成功的分子成像示例。
Non-invasive cellular and molecular imaging techniques are emerging as a multidisciplinary field that offers promise in understanding the components, processes, dynamics and therapies of disease at a molecular level. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an attractive technique due to the absence of radiation and high spatial resolution which makes it advantageous over techniques involving radioisotopes. Typically paramagnetic and superparamagnetic metals are used as contrast materials for MR based techniques. Gadolinium has been the predominant paramagnetic contrast metal until the discovery and association of the metal with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in some patients with severe renal or kidney disease. Manganese was one of the earliest reported examples of paramagnetic contrast material for MRI because of its efficient positive contrast enhancement. In this review manganese based contrast agent approaches will be presented with a particular emphasis on nanoparticulate agents. We have discussed both classically used small molecule based blood pool contrast agents and recently developed innovative nanoparticle-based strategies highlighting a number of successful molecular imaging examples.
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