Associations between psychosocial wellbeing and experience of gender-based violence at community, household, and intimate-partner levels among a cross-sectional cohort of young people living with and without HIV during COVID-19 in Cape Town, South Africa.
Associations between psychosocial wellbeing and experience of gender-based violence at community, household, and intimate-partner levels among a cross-sectional cohort of young people living with and without HIV during COVID-19 in Cape Town, South Africa.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-023-16945-5
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发表时间：
2023-10-27
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Kagesten, Anna E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hartmann, Miriam;Giovenco, Danielle;Zeebari, Zangin;Itzikowitz, Gina;Ekstrom, Anna Mia;Nielsen, Anna;Pettifor, Audrey;Bekker, Linda-Gail;Kagesten, Anna E.
关键词：
越来越多的证据表明，新冠肺炎期间基于性别的暴力事件有所增加。我们调查了青少年在社区、家庭和亲密伴侣(IPV)水平上自我报告的大流行对GBV的影响及其与心理社会健康的关系，即与COVID相关的压力源和心理健康。横截面数据来自对南非开普敦郊区13-24岁(N = 536)艾滋病毒携带者和非艾滋病毒携带者的调查。这项调查于2021年2月至10月进行，调查了最初的封锁对每个级别的GBV体验和感知变化以及与大流行相关的心理社会健康的影响。通过描述性统计以及二项和多项回归分析，说明了自封锁以来GBV的暴露和感知变化，以及它们与COVID相关压力因素(例如，社会隔离、对COVID的焦虑)、精神健康(例如，抑郁、焦虑)和其他风险因素(例如，年龄、性别、社会经济状况)的关系。参与者中70%是平均年龄为19岁的女性；40%是艾滋病毒携带者。自封锁以来，青年福利院比青年福利院更有可能认为社区暴力在增加(45%比28%，p <； 0.001)，报告家庭暴力(37%比23%，p = 0.006)，并认为它在增加(56%比27%，p = 0.002)(参考：减少暴力)。YPLWoH也更有可能报告IPV体验(19%比15%，p = 0.41)和感觉到IPV增加(15%比8%，p = 0.92)。在调整后的模型中，与COVID相关的压力源和常见的精神健康障碍只与家庭暴力有关。然而，居住在非正规住房(RRR = 2.07；95%CI = 1.12-3.83)和粮食不安全(社区暴力：RRR = 1.79；95%CI = 1.00-3.20；家庭暴力：RRR = 1.72；95%CI = 1.15-2.60)等经济状况指标成为暴露于GBV增加的重要风险因素，特别是在青瓦台。研究结果表明，对于这种情况下的年轻人来说，在新冠肺炎期间，社区和家庭层面的GBV比IPV更普遍，尤其是在YPLWoH。虽然我们发现COVID相关应激源与GBV之间的关联有限，但在GBV流行的环境中，自封锁以来GBV的感知增加，以及家庭暴力与心理健康的关联，是未来大流行应对措施的一个关切，应该进行纵向评估。网上版载有补充材料，可在10.1186/s12889-023-16945-5查阅。
Growing evidence indicates that gender-based violence (GBV) increased during COVID-19. We investigated self-reported impact of the pandemic on GBV at community, household and intimate partner (IPV) levels among young people and its associations with psychosocial wellbeing, i.e., COVID-related stressors and mental health. Cross-sectional data were drawn from a survey with young people ages 13–24 (N = 536) living with HIV (YPLWH) and without HIV (YPLWoH), in peri-urban Cape Town, South Africa. The survey, conducted February-October 2021, examined the impact of the initial lockdown on experience and perceived changes in GBV at each level, and pandemic-related psychosocial wellbeing. Descriptive statistics and binomial and multinomial regression analyses were conducted to illustrate exposure and perceived changes in GBV since lockdown, and their association with COVID-related stress factors (e.g., social isolation, anxiety about COVID), mental health (e.g., depression, anxiety), and other risk factors (e.g., age, gender, socioeconomic status) by HIV status. Participants were 70% women with mean age 19 years; 40% were living with HIV. Since lockdown, YPLWoH were significantly more likely than YPLWH to perceive community violence as increasing (45% vs. 28%, p < 0.001), and to report household violence (37% vs. 23%, p = 0.006) and perceive it as increasing (56% vs. 27%, p = 0.002) (ref: decreasing violence). YPLWoH were also more likely to report IPV experience (19% vs. 15%, p = 0.41) and perception of IPV increasing (15% vs. 8%, p = 0.92). In adjusted models, COVID-related stressors and common mental health disorders were only associated with household violence. However, indicators of economic status such as living in informal housing (RRR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.12–3.83) and food insecurity (Community violence: RRR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.00-3.20; Household violence: RRR = 1.72; 95% CI = 1.15–2.60) emerged as significant risk factors for exposure to increased GBV particularly among YPLWoH. Findings suggest that for young people in this setting, GBV at community and household levels was more prevalent during COVID-19 compared to IPV, especially for YPLWoH. While we found limited associations between COVID-related stressors and GBV, the perceived increases in GBV since lockdown in a setting where GBV is endemic, and the association of household violence with mental health, is a concern for future pandemic responses and should be longitudinally assessed. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-16945-5.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph191911899
发表时间：
2022-09-21
影响因子：
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影响因子：
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