Planning for the Future in Times of Social Change

Planning for the Future in Times of Social Change
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在社会变革时期规划未来

DOI:
10.1111/cdep.12003
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
6.4
通讯作者:
Schoon I
Schoon I
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schoon I

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本文探讨了宏观和微观背景变化之间的相互联系,使用的证据在三个英国的青少年之间的教育期望的变化。58岁、1970年和1989/1990年出生的年龄组和相关国际研究。它讨论了塑造青年人教育期望的多重和相互关联的因素和过程,重点是与不断变化的社会历史背景,机构过滤器,家庭过程,社会结构和性别的相互作用。有人认为,职业选择和个人生活规划必须被理解为一个互动和辩证的过程,连接个人和更广泛的社会历史背景。不断变化的机会为个人的选择和行为奠定了基础,然后这些选择和行为聚集在一起,为后来的群体形成了一个新的历史背景。社会变革的影响不仅仅是“涓滴”;个人和集体的决定和行动也可以“向上推”,改变社会环境,而社会环境又反过来影响它们。然而,社会结构和性别在处境最不利者的边缘化方面存在差异。因此,在研究个人生活规划的一个关键因素是决策的情境性质和个人和环境之间的相互和动态的相互作用。
This article examines the interlinkages between macro‐ and microcontextual change, using evidence on changing education expectations among teenagers in three U.K. age cohorts born in 58, 1970, and 1989/1990 and related international studies. It discusses the multiple and interlinked factors and processes shaping educational expectations of young people, focusing on interactions with a changing sociohistorical context, institutional filters, family processes, social structures, and gender. It is argued that career choice and individual life planning have to be understood as an interactive and dialectical process linking individuals and the wider sociohistorical context. Changing opportunities set the stage for individual choice and behavior, which then aggregate to form a new historical context for subsequent cohorts. The effects of social change do not merely “trickle down”; individual and collective decisions and actions can “push up” as well, changing the social context, which in turn influences them. There are, however, variations in experience by social structure and gender, associated with the marginalization of the most disadvantaged. Thus, a key consideration in the study of individual life planning is the situated nature of decision making and the reciprocal and dynamic interactions between individual and context.
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