Structural Basis for Teneurin Function in Circuit-Wiring: A Toxin Motif at the Synapse.

Structural Basis for Teneurin Function in Circuit-Wiring: A Toxin Motif at the Synapse.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.036
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发表时间:
2018-04-19
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Araç D
Araç D
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li J;Shalev-Benami M;Sando R;Jiang X;Kibrom A;Wang J;Leon K;Katanski C;Nazarko O;Lu YC;Südhof TC;Skiniotis G;Araç D

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Teneurins(TENs)是细胞表面粘附蛋白,在组织发育和轴突导向中具有关键作用。在这里,我们报告的3.1-飞秒电子冷冻显微镜结构的人TEN 2细胞外区(ECR),揭示了惊人的相似性,细菌的Tc-毒素。ECR包括部分包封C-末端结构域的大β-桶,其通过中间桶区域中的开口出现到溶剂中。免疫球蛋白(IG)样结构域密封桶的底部,而β-螺旋桨以垂直方向连接。我们进一步表明,β-螺旋桨内的可变剪接区域充当调节TEN 2与亲脂蛋白(LPHN)的跨细胞粘附的开关,亲脂蛋白是一种已知介导中枢神经系统中关键功能的跨膜受体。一种剪接变体以LPHN依赖的方式激活跨细胞信号传导,而另一种剪接变体诱导抑制性突触后分化。这些结果突出了不寻常的结构组织的TENs引起他们的多种功能。一种具有意想不到的毒素样折叠的粘附蛋白显示了选择性剪接如何调节突触连接
Teneurins (TENs) are cell-surface adhesion proteins with critical roles in tissue development and axon guidance. Here we report the 3.1-Å electron cryo-microscopy structure of the human TEN2 extracellular region (ECR), revealing a striking similarity to bacterial Tc-toxins. The ECR includes a large β-barrel that partially encapsulates a C-terminal domain, which emerges to the solvent through an opening in the mid-barrel region. An immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain seals the bottom of the barrel while a β-propeller is attached in a perpendicular orientation. We further show that an alternatively spliced region within the β-propeller acts as a switch to regulate trans-cellular adhesion of TEN2 to latrophilin (LPHN), a transmembrane receptor known to mediate critical functions in the central nervous system. One splice variant activates trans-cellular signaling in a LPHN-dependent manner, whereas the other induces inhibitory postsynaptic differentiation. These results highlight the unusual structural organization of TENs giving rise to their multifarious functions. An adehsion protein with an unexpected, toxin-like fold shows how alternative splicing can regulate synaptic connections
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