Theme: Recent work in speciation research by women authors
Theme: Recent work in speciation research by women authors
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主题：女性作者最近在形态研究方面的工作
DOI：
10.1111/evo.14444
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Unckless, Robert L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Linnen, Catherine R.;Brandvain, Yaniv;Unckless, Robert L.
进化研究学会成立于1943年，由国家研究理事会与物种形成研究学会（进化，2021）合并而成。这个小组的两位领导人，迈尔和多布赞斯基，为几十年的物种形成研究制定了议程。迈尔的《生物物种概念》（1942年），另见（Dobzhansky，1935年），将物种形成研究的重点放在生殖隔离的进化上，他强烈反对同域物种形成的可能性，引发了数十年的争论，即生殖隔离是否可以在没有地理隔离的情况下进化。同样，Dobzhansky的“隔离机制”列表（1951年）和内在合子后隔离的进化模型（epsilon Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller模型;[Dobzhansky，1935]）为比较和遗传物种形成研究奠定了基础。在接下来的几十年里，发表了一些对我们理解物种形成的重要贡献：Bush对苹果蛆中同域寄主小种形成的经验性研究（1969年），Felsenstein的模型工作证明了在同域中重组如何阻止物种形成（1981年），以及Coyne和Orr对合子前和合子后隔离进化的比较分析（Coyne & Orr，1989，1997）。反过来，这些论文对现代物种形成研究产生了巨大的影响，这在《进化论》（Matute &库珀，2021）中仍然占有突出地位。鉴于这段历史，一个专注于物种形成的特刊似乎是庆祝《进化论》75周年的自然选择。然而，正如回顾塑造一个领域的开创性研究时经常出现的情况一样，获得最多引用和影响力的论文来自一个往往将女性排除在外的有限群体。虽然历史上妇女参与物种形成研究的机会有限，但“隐藏的人物”（Dung等人，[2019]），如Gretel Simon Mayr [Trivers 2005]），以及Dobzhansky的长期研究助理和合著者Olga Pavlovsky，几乎可以肯定在这些想法的发展中发挥了重要作用。尽管作者的机会有限，但《进化论》最早的一些关于自然界杂交和基因渗入的论文是由女性撰写的，包括露露·盖泽（Lulu Gaiser，1951）关于Liatris杂交的证据，芭芭拉·卡尔霍恩（Barbara Calhoun）关于宽叶香蒲（Typha latifolia）和T. angustifolia（Fassett & Calhoun，1952），以及Margot福尔德的Quercus dumosa与蛇纹石特有种Q. durata（福尔德& Faris，1962）。大约在这个时候，兰花育种家海伦亚当斯与埃德加安德森建立了学术-工业合作伙伴关系，为《进化论》的读者提供兰花杂交的概述（亚当斯和安德森，1958）。除了记录自然和实验杂交，早期女性对《进化论》的贡献还确定了隔离种群的机制以及这种隔离如何随着时间的推移而进化。在该杂志的第三卷中，Theresa Clay（1949）概述了体外寄生虫的隔离机制，并将这些障碍与多样化过程联系起来。埃德娜·哈斯金斯（Edna Haskins）与他们的丈夫合作，记录了三种poeciliid鱼类之间的性隔离模式（Haskins & Haskins，1949），凯伦·格兰特（Karen Grant）揭露了同域鼠尾草物种对之间的机械隔离（Grant & Grant，1964）。与此同时，在Coyne & Orr（1989）的经典出版之前30多年，夏洛特阿弗斯发表了她关于实验杂交的工作。
The Society for the Study of Evolution was established in 1943 by merging the National Research Council with the Society for the Study of Speciation (Evolution, 2021). Two leaders of this group, Mayr and Dobzhansky, set the agenda for decades of speciation research. Mayr’s Biological Species Concept (1942), see also (Dobzhansky, 1935) put the focus of speciation research squarely on the evolution of reproductive isolation, and his vehement arguments against the plausibility of sympatric speciation stoked decades of debates over whether or not reproductive isolation could evolve in the absence of geographical isolation. Likewise, Dobzhansky’s list of “isolating mechanisms”(1951) and model for the evolution of intrinsic postzygotic isolation (the eponymous Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller model;[Dobzhansky, 1935]) laid the groundwork for comparative and genetic speciation studies. Several prominent contributions to our understanding of speciation were published during the following decades: Bush’s empirical study of sympatric host race formation in the apple maggot fly (1969), Felsenstein’s modeling work demonstrating how recombination halts progress toward speciation in sympatry (1981), and Coyne and Orr’s comparative analyses of the evolution of prezygotic and postzygotic isolation (Coyne & Orr, 1989, 1997). These papers, in turn, have had an enormous influence on modern speciation research, which continues to feature prominently in the pages of Evolution (Matute & Cooper, 2021). In light of this history, a special issue focused on speciation seems a natural choice to celebrate Evolution’s 75th anniversary. However, as is often the case when looking back on seminal research that has shaped a field, the papers that have garnered the most citations and influence come from a restricted pool that tended to exclude women. While it is certainly true that women historically had limited opportunities to participate in speciation research,“hidden figures”(sensu [Dung et al., 2019]) such as Margarete “Gretel” Simon Mayr [Trivers 2005]), and Dobzhansky’s long-time research assistant and coauthor, Olga Pavlovsky, almost certainly played important roles in the development of these ideas. And even despite limited opportunities for authorship, some of Evolution’s earliest papers on hybridization and introgression in nature were written by women, including Lulu Gaiser’s (1951) evidence for hybridization in Liatris, Barbara Calhoun’s study of introgression between Typha latifolia and T. angustifolia (Fassett & Calhoun, 1952), and Margot Forde’s study of hybridization between Quercus dumosa and the serpentine endemic Q. durata (Forde & Faris, 1962). Around this time, orchid breeder Helen Adams forged an academic-industrial partnership with Edgar Anderson to provide an overview of orchid hybrids for the readership of Evolution (Adams & Anderson, 1958).In addition to documenting natural and experimental hybridization, early contributions to Evolution by women also identified the mechanisms that isolate populations and how such isolation evolves over time. In the third volume of the journal, Theresa Clay (1949) outlined isolating mechanisms in ectoparasites and connected these barriers to the diversification process. In collaboration with their husbands, Edna Haskins documented patterns of sexual isolation between three species of poeciliid fishes (Haskins & Haskins, 1949), and Karen Grant exposed a case of mechanical isolation between a sympatric Salvia species pair (Grant & Grant, 1964). Meanwhile, more than 30 years before the publication of Coyne & Orr’s (1989) classic, Charlotte Avers published her work on experimental crosses …
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
P. Tucker;R. Sage;J. Warner;A. Wilson;E. Eicher
通讯作者：
P. Tucker;R. Sage;J. Warner;A. Wilson;E. Eicher
果蝇莫贾文西斯地理形态之间性别隔离的选择。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. R. Koepfer
通讯作者：
H. R. Koepfer
SALVIA APIANA 和 SALVIA MELLIFERA (唇形科) 的机械隔离
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1964
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
K. Grant;V. Grant
通讯作者：
V. Grant
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1953
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. J. Avers
通讯作者：
C. J. Avers
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
Journal of Theoretical Biology 247
影响因子：
--
作者：
Konuma J.;Chiba and S. Ecological
通讯作者：
Chiba and S. Ecological