Cortical interneuron specification: the juncture of genes, time and geometry.

Cortical interneuron specification: the juncture of genes, time and geometry.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.conb.2016.10.003
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发表时间:
2017-03
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
Fishell G
Fishell G
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bandler RC;Mayer C;Fishell G

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发育神经科学中的一个基本问题是数百种不同类型的细胞是如何形成专门的大脑区域的。神经节隆起(ganglionic eminences,GE)是位于端脑腹侧的胚胎脑结构,其产生许多抑制性GABA(γ-氨基丁酸)能细胞类型,包括广泛分布于整个脑中的长程投射神经元和局部中间神经元(local interneuron,IN)。虽然已经发现了很多关于这些细胞的起源和布线,一个主要的问题仍然存在:起源于GE的神经元是如何在发育过程中被指定为一种分化亚型而不是另一种亚型的?这篇评论将涵盖最近的工作,已经推进了我们的知识皮层中间神经元亚型规范的机制,特别是祖细胞的空间起源,出生日期,血统,和模式的分裂。
A fundamental question in developmental neuroscience is how hundreds of diverse cell types are generated to form specialized brain regions. The ganglionic eminences (GEs) are embryonic brain structures located in the ventral telencephalon that produce many inhibitory GABA (γ-Aminobutyric acid)-ergic cell types, including long-range projection neurons and local interneurons (INs), which disperse widely throughout the brain. While much has been discovered about the origin and wiring of these cells, a major question remains: how do neurons originating in the GEs become specified during development as one differentiated subtype versus another? This review will cover recent work that has advanced our knowledge of the mechanisms governing cortical interneuron subtype specification, particularly progenitors' spatial origin, birthdates, lineage, and mode of division.
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