Morbillivirus receptors and tropism: multiple pathways for infection.
Morbillivirus receptors and tropism: multiple pathways for infection.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2012.00075
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Kai C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sato H;Yoneda M;Honda T;Kai C
麻疹病毒包括麻疹病毒、犬瘟热病毒和牛瘟病毒，是其各自宿主中最重要的病原体之一，可引起严重的症状。麻疹病毒是具有两种包膜蛋白的包膜病毒，其中一种是与细胞受体结合的血凝素(H)蛋白。在麻疹病毒感染期间，病毒最初以淋巴样细胞为目标，并在淋巴结内有效复制。麻疹病毒的主要细胞受体是信号转导淋巴细胞激活分子(SLAM，又称CD150)，它只在免疫细胞上表达。这一特征反映了强烈的淋巴细胞嗜性和病毒在感染体内的传播。然而，麻疹病毒感染会影响身体的各种组织，包括肺、肾、胃肠道、血管内皮细胞和大脑。因此，除了SLAM之外，可能还存在其他针对麻疹病毒的受体。最近，Nectin-4被鉴定为一种新的MeV上皮细胞受体。Nectin-4的表达定位于极化的上皮细胞，这种定位支持细胞趋向性的概念，因为MeV也在呼吸道的上皮细胞中生长良好。虽然在自然感染中已鉴定出淋巴和上皮细胞的两种主要受体，但麻疹病毒仍然可以感染许多其他类型的细胞，传染性较低，这表明存在低效但普遍表达的受体。我们已经通过另一种机制确定了与流感病毒感染SLAM阴性细胞有关的其他分子。这些发现表明，麻疹病毒利用多种途径建立感染。这些研究将促进我们对麻疹病毒嗜性和发病机制的理解。
Morbilliviruses, which include measles virus (MeV), canine distemper virus, and rinderpest virus, are among the most important pathogens in their respective hosts and cause severe syndromes. Morbilliviruses are enveloped viruses with two envelope proteins, one of which is hemagglutinin (H) protein, which plays a role in binding to cellular receptors. During morbillivirus infection, the virus initially targets lymphoid cells and replicates efficiently in the lymph nodes. The principal cellular receptor for morbillivirus is signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM, also called CD150), which is exclusively expressed on immune cells. This feature reflects the strong lymphoid cell tropism and viral spread in the infected body. Morbillivirus infection, however, affects various tissues in the body, including the lung, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, vascular endothelium, and brain. Thus, other receptors for morbilliviruses in addition to SLAM might exist. Recently, nectin-4 has been identified as a novel epithelial cell receptor for MeV. The expression of nectin-4 is localized to polarized epithelial cells, and this localization supports the notion of cell tropism since MeV also grows well in the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. Although two major receptors for lymphoid and epithelial cells in natural infection have been identified, morbillivirus can still infect many other types of cells with low infectivity, suggesting the existence of inefficient but ubiquitously expressed receptors. We have identified other molecules that are implicated in morbillivirus infection of SLAM-negative cells by alternative mechanisms. These findings indicate that morbillivirus utilizes multiple pathways for establishment of infection. These studies will advance our understanding of morbillivirus tropism and pathogenesis.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Hashimoto, K;Ono, N;Yanagi, Y
通讯作者：
Yanagi, Y
DOI：
10.3181/00379727-86-21073
发表时间：
1954-01-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
ENDERS, JF;PEEBLES, TC;HOLLOWAY, A
通讯作者：
HOLLOWAY, A
影响因子：
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作者：
APPEL, MJG;YATES, RA;SUMMERS, BA
通讯作者：
SUMMERS, BA
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Katayama, Y;Hirano, A;Wong, TC
通讯作者：
Wong, TC
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Hsu, EC;Sarangi, F;Richardson, CD
通讯作者：
Richardson, CD