Super-resolution ultrasound localization microscopy based on a high frame-rate clinical ultrasound scanner: an in-human feasibility study.

Super-resolution ultrasound localization microscopy based on a high frame-rate clinical ultrasound scanner: an in-human feasibility study.
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DOI:
10.1088/1361-6560/abef45
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发表时间:
2021-04-08
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Chen S
Chen S
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Huang C;Zhang W;Gong P;Lok UW;Tang S;Yin T;Zhang X;Zhu L;Sang M;Song P;Zheng R;Chen S

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体内深部组织中微血管改变的非侵入性检测为临床诊断和广泛的病理评估提供了关键信息。近年来,超分辨超声定位显微镜(ULM)的出现为临床毛细血管成像提供了新的可能。目前,ULM在临床超声扫描仪上的临床应用受到技术限制的阻碍,如数据采集时间长,微泡(MBS)浓度高,以及与低成像帧速率相关的跟踪性能下降。在这里,我们提出了一个强大的人体ULM的高帧频(HFR)临床超声扫描仪,以实现超分辨率微血管成像使用较短的采集时间(<10s)。超声MB数据来自不同的人体组织,包括健康肝脏和伴有急性-慢性肝衰竭的病变肝脏、肾脏、胰腺肿瘤和使用HFR临床扫描仪的乳腺肿块。通过利用HFR和先进的处理技术,包括亚像素运动配准、MB信号分离和基于卡尔曼滤波的跟踪,可以在标准临床MB给药和有限的数据采集时间相对较高的MB浓度的情况下,针对ULM稳健地定位和跟踪MBS。基于单次屏气扫描和徒手扫描获得的数据,显示了微血管的细微形态和血流动力学信息。与基于相同MB数据集的对比增强能量多普勒相比,ULM在基于线性换能器的血管中的分辨率提高了5.7倍,并提供了与多普勒角度无关的大范围血流速度测量。在正常组织和病理组织中,具有复杂血流动力学的微血管在超分辨率下都可以很好地分化。这项初步研究在支持HFR成像的临床扫描仪的基础上,在人体各种组织中实现了超快ULM,表明了该技术在各种临床应用中的潜力。然而,这项技术在成像人类微血管系统(特别是那些微小的血管结构)方面的严格验证仍然需要,最好是用黄金标准。
Non-invasive detection of microvascular alterations in deep tissues in vivo provides critical information for clinical diagnosis and evaluation of a broad-spectrum of pathologies. Recently, the emergence of super-resolution ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) offers new possibilities for clinical imaging of microvasculature at capillary level. Currently, the clinical utility of ULM on clinical ultrasound scanners is hindered by the technical limitations, such as long data acquisition time, high microbubbles (MBs) concentration, and compromised tracking performance associated with low imaging frame-rate. Here we present a robust in-human ULM on a high frame-rate (HFR) clinical ultrasound scanner to achieve super-resolution microvessel imaging using a short acquisition time (< 10s). Ultrasound MB data were acquired from different human tissues, including a healthy liver and a diseased liver with acute-on-chronic liver failure, a kidney, a pancreatic tumor, and a breast mass using an HFR clinical scanner. By leveraging the HFR and advanced processing techniques including sub-pixel motion registration, MB signal separation, and Kalman filter-based tracking, MBs can be robustly localized and tracked for ULM under the circumstances of relatively high MB concentration associated with standard clinical MB administration and limited data acquisition time in humans. Subtle morphological and hemodynamic information in microvasculature were shown based on data acquired with single breath-hold and free-hand scanning. Compared with contrast-enhanced power Doppler generated based on the same MB dataset, ULM showed a 5.7-fold resolution improvement in a vessel based on a linear transducer, and provided a wide-range blood flow speed measurement that is Doppler angle-independent. Microvasculatures with complex hemodynamics can be well-differentiated at super-resolution in both normal and pathological tissues. This preliminary study implemented the ultrafast in-human ULM in various human tissues based on a clinical scanner that supports HFR imaging, indicating the potentials of the technique for various clinical applications. However, rigorous validation of the technique in imaging human microvasculature (especially for those tiny vessel structure), preferably with a gold standard, is still required.
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