Zinc Biofortification in Food Crops Could Alleviate the Zinc Malnutrition in Human Health.
Zinc Biofortification in Food Crops Could Alleviate the Zinc Malnutrition in Human Health.
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DOI：
10.3390/molecules26123509
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发表时间：
2021-06-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hossain A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Praharaj S;Skalicky M;Maitra S;Bhadra P;Shankar T;Brestic M;Hejnak V;Vachova P;Hossain A
营养不良是一个全球性的健康问题，需要立即关注。地球仪上有20多亿人患有微量营养素营养不良。土壤中普遍存在的锌（Zn）缺乏，人类饮食中锌的摄入量不足，生物利用度低，以及对健康的影响，导致研究界思考一种经济且可持续的缓解缺锌的策略。营养强化和膳食补充剂等策略虽然有效，但不经济，低收入国家的大多数人负担不起，他们最容易缺锌。在这方面，用锌对主食作物进行生物强化被认为是一种有用的策略。在适当的时间使用含锌肥料的作物施肥以确保谷物锌富集的农艺生物强化方法已被发现是具有成本效益的，易于实践的，并且有效的。基因生物强化虽然耗时，但也非常有效。此外，一旦开发出富锌基因型，也可以使用多年而没有任何经常性成本。因此，农艺和遗传生物强化可以是一个非常有用的工具，在缓解锌缺乏症。
Micronutrient malnutrition is a global health issue and needs immediate attention. Over two billion people across the globe suffer from micronutrient malnutrition. The widespread zinc (Zn) deficiency in soils, poor zinc intake by humans in their diet, low bioavailability, and health consequences has led the research community to think of an economic as well as sustainable strategy for the alleviation of zinc deficiency. Strategies like fortification and diet supplements, though effective, are not economical and most people in low-income countries cannot afford them, and they are the most vulnerable to Zn deficiency. In this regard, the biofortification of staple food crops with Zn has been considered a useful strategy. An agronomic biofortification approach that uses crop fertilization with Zn-based fertilizers at the appropriate time to ensure grain Zn enrichment has been found to be cost-effective, easy to practice, and efficient. Genetic biofortification, though time-consuming, is also highly effective. Moreover, a Zn-rich genotype once developed can also be used for many years without any recurring cost. Hence, both agronomic and genetic biofortification can be a very useful tool in alleviating Zn deficiency.
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