The impact of reward and punishment on skill learning depends on task demands.
The impact of reward and punishment on skill learning depends on task demands.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep36056
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发表时间：
2016-10-27
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Baker CI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steel A;Silson EH;Stagg CJ;Baker CI
奖励和惩罚可以激励行为，但目前还不清楚它们是如何影响技能表现的，以及这种影响是否因技能而异。本研究调查了在排序技能和运动技能情境下的奖惩效果。参与者接受排序技能（连续反应时间任务）或运动技能（力跟踪任务）的训练。培训后立即进行技能知识测试，培训后1小时、24-48小时和30天分别进行技能知识测试。我们发现奖励和惩罚对任务的影响是分离的，主要反映了惩罚的影响。虽然惩罚提高了连续反应时间任务的表现，但损害了力跟踪任务的表现。与之前的文献相反，奖励和惩罚都不能促进记忆保留，这与普遍认为的奖励普遍有利于技能保留的假设相悖。总的来说，这些结果表明，在复杂的、任务依赖的方式下，惩罚比奖励对熟练行为的影响更大。
Reward and punishment motivate behavior, but it is unclear exactly how they impact skill performance and whether the effect varies across skills. The present study investigated the effect of reward and punishment in both a sequencing skill and a motor skill context. Participants trained on either a sequencing skill (serial reaction time task) or a motor skill (force-tracking task). Skill knowledge was tested immediately after training, and again 1 hour, 24–48 hours, and 30 days after training. We found a dissociation of the effects of reward and punishment on the tasks, primarily reflecting the impact of punishment. While punishment improved serial reaction time task performance, it impaired force-tracking task performance. In contrast to prior literature, neither reward nor punishment benefitted memory retention, arguing against the common assumption that reward ubiquitously benefits skill retention. Collectively, these results suggest that punishment impacts skilled behavior more than reward in a complex, task dependent fashion.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4132-08.2009
发表时间：
2009-01-14
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Wächter T;Lungu OV;Liu T;Willingham DT;Ashe J
通讯作者：
Ashe J
DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2015.06.012
发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior
影响因子：
--
作者：
Wilkinson L;Steel A;Mooshagian E;Zimmermann T;Keisler A;Lewis JD;Wassermann EM
通讯作者：
Wassermann EM
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.29.4.650
发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Maddox, WT;Ashby, FG;Bohil, CJ
通讯作者：
Bohil, CJ
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Spencer, RMC;Zelaznik, HN;Ivry, RB
通讯作者：
Ivry, RB
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Floyer-Lea, A;Matthews, PM
通讯作者：
Matthews, PM