Black cohosh extracts and powders induce micronuclei, a biomarker of genetic damage, in human cells.
Black cohosh extracts and powders induce micronuclei, a biomarker of genetic damage, in human cells.
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DOI：
10.1002/em.22182
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发表时间：
2018-06
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Witt KL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith-Roe SL;Swartz CD;Shepard KG;Bryce SM;Dertinger SD;Waidyanatha S;Kissling GE;Auerbach SS;Witt KL
黑升麻提取物（BCE）是一种广泛使用的膳食补充剂，销售给妇女，以减轻妇科疾病的症状，但其毒性尚未得到很好的表征。国家毒理学计划（NTP）先前报告称，雌性Wistar Han大鼠和B6 C3 F1/N小鼠连续90天灌胃给予15-1000 mg BCE/kg/天后，外周血中微核红细胞显著增加。这些动物还发生了剂量依赖性非再生性大红细胞性贫血，其特征为与巨幼细胞性贫血一致的临床变化。微核（MN）和巨幼细胞性贫血均可由叶酸代谢途径的破坏引起。NTP使用体外方法研究NTP的BCE试验批次、来自不同供应商的BCE以及来自BC和其他升麻物种的根粉是否具有遗传毒性，并深入了解BCE遗传毒性的作用机制。使用体外MicroFlow® MN测定法在人TK 6淋巴母细胞样细胞中检测样品。在MultiFlow® DNA损伤检测中检测NTP BCE和BC浸提参考物质（XRM），该检测可评估DNA损伤、细胞分裂和细胞毒性的生物标志物。在细菌致突变性试验中检测了NTP BCE和几种其他BCE。当细胞在生理水平的叶酸中生长时，所有样品均诱导MN。NTP BCE和BC XRM产生的活动模式与非整倍体作用模式一致。NTP BCE和另外5个BCE在细菌致突变性试验中均为阴性。这些发现表明，黑升麻制剂诱导染色体损伤，并可能造成安全问题。
Black cohosh extract (BCE) is a widely used dietary supplement marketed to women to alleviate symptoms of gynecological ailments, yet its toxicity has not been well characterized. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) previously reported significant increases in micronucleated erythrocytes in peripheral blood of female Wistar Han rats and B6C3F1/N mice administered 15–1000 mg BCE/kg/day by gavage for 90 days. These animals also developed a dose-dependent non-regenerative macrocytic anemia characterized by clinical changes consistent with megaloblastic anemia. Both micronuclei (MN) and megaloblastic anemia can arise from disruption of the folate metabolism pathway. The NTP used in vitro approaches to investigate whether the NTP’s test lot of BCE, BCEs from various suppliers, and root powders from BC and other cohosh species, were genotoxic in general, and to gain insight into the mechanism of action of BCE genotoxicity. Samples were tested in human TK6 lymphoblastoid cells using the In Vitro MicroFlow® MN assay. The NTP BCE and a BC extract reference material (XRM) were tested in the MultiFlow® DNA Damage assay, which assesses biomarkers of DNA damage, cell division, and cytotoxicity. The NTP BCE and several additional BCEs were tested in bacterial mutagenicity assays. All samples induced MN when cells were grown in physiological levels of folic acid. The NTP BCE and BC XRM produced activity patterns consistent with an aneugenic mode of action. The NTP BCE and 5 additional BCEs were negative in bacterial mutagenicity tests. These findings show that black cohosh preparations induce chromosomal damage and may pose a safety concern.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Jiang, Bei;Ma, Chunhui;Kennelly, Edward J.
通讯作者：
Kennelly, Edward J.
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
EinerJensen, N;Zhao, J;Kristoffersen, K
通讯作者：
Kristoffersen, K
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
DAS, KC;MOHANTY, D;GAREWAL, G
通讯作者：
GAREWAL, G
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Bose, Santanu;Kalra, Seema;Seetharam, Bellur
通讯作者：
Seetharam, Bellur
DOI：
10.1016/s0950-3536(05)80216-1
发表时间：
1995-09-01
期刊：
BAILLIERES CLINICAL HAEMATOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
BLOUNT, BC;AMES, BN
通讯作者：
AMES, BN