Modulation of HIV-1-host interaction: role of the Vpu accessory protein.

Modulation of HIV-1-host interaction: role of the Vpu accessory protein.
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DOI:
10.1186/1742-4690-7-114
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发表时间:
2010-12-22
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Cohen ÉA
Cohen ÉA
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dubé M;Bego MG;Paquay C;Cohen ÉA

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病毒蛋白U(Vpu)是人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)和相关猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)的一个子集所特有的1型膜相关辅助蛋白。由HIV-1编码的Vpu蛋白与病毒生命周期中的两个主要功能相关。首先,它通过介导内质网(ER)中新合成的CD 4分子的蛋白酶体降解,促进HIV-1诱导的CD 4受体下调。其次,它通过拮抗Tetherin(一种干扰素(IFN)调节的宿主限制因子,其直接交联宿主细胞表面上的病毒体)来增强子代病毒体从感染细胞的释放。本文主要介绍Vpu在CD 4下调和Tetherin拮抗作用中的最新进展,并讨论这两种功能如何影响灵长类免疫缺陷病毒的跨物种传播和HIV-1大流行株的出现。
Viral protein U (Vpu) is a type 1 membrane-associated accessory protein that is unique to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and a subset of related simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The Vpu protein encoded by HIV-1 is associated with two primary functions during the viral life cycle. First, it contributes to HIV-1-induced CD4 receptor downregulation by mediating the proteasomal degradation of newly synthesized CD4 molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Second, it enhances the release of progeny virions from infected cells by antagonizing Tetherin, an interferon (IFN)-regulated host restriction factor that directly cross-links virions on host cell-surface. This review will mostly focus on recent advances on the role of Vpu in CD4 downregulation and Tetherin antagonism and will discuss how these two functions may have impacted primate immunodeficiency virus cross-species transmission and the emergence of pandemic strain of HIV-1.
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