The week that will be: Communicating the impact of climate change via extreme weeks

The week that will be: Communicating the impact of climate change via extreme weeks
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本周:通过极端周传达气候变化的影响

DOI:
10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109809
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
7.4
通讯作者:
Coley D
Coley D
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Coley D

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正如 2003 年欧洲热浪等事件(仅巴黎就有 14,000 人死亡)所表明的那样,气候变化风险最大的根源在于极端天气,而不是平均气候。然而,与公众的沟通,或通过模拟测试自然和人造环境,都集中在恶劣的情况上。对许多人来说,未来平均气温上升 2 甚至 4°C 似乎是温和的,因此无法传达问题的严重程度,从而造成现实与预期之间的差距。在这里,我们向观众展示未来当地极端天气的为期一周的时间序列,作为弥补这一差距的一种方式。一周既有当地货币,也涵盖了许多热浪的持续时间。我们以 5 公里的间隔生成 2030 年、2050 年和 2080 年英国未来几周的数据,从而使感兴趣的各方能够首次直观地了解当地未来可能出现的热浪。未来还会出现与 2003 年巴黎热浪类似的热浪,但气温会更高,这表明可能会出现大规模死亡。我们将该方法应用于英国家庭在未来 10-50 年重现期的热浪下的情况。发现了远远超出适应性舒适极限的条件。包含 11,326 个地点的极端星期的天气文件已准备好并可供使用。这些对于那些试图解释气候变化可能产生的影响的人、制定弹性政策的政府以及那些使用计算机建模的人来说都是有用的。
As events like the 2003 European heatwave showed (where 14,000 people died in Paris alone), it is in the extremes of weather, not the mean climate, where much climate change risk lies. Communication with the public, or the testing of natural and human-made environments via simulation, has focused however on the mean situation. To many, a future 2 or even 4 °C rise in mean temperature will seem modest and hence fail to convey the scale of the issue, thereby creating a gap between reality and expectation. Here we use the idea of presenting an audience with a week-long time series of future local extreme weather as a way of bridging this gap. A week has both vernacular currency and covers the length of many heatwaves. We generate UK future weeks in 2030, 2050 and 2080 at a 5 km interval, thereby allowing interested parties to visualise for the first time likely future heatwaves in their locality. Future heatwaves of similar form as the 2003 Paris event are found, but with even higher temperatures, suggesting the likelihood of largescale mortality. We apply the approach to the conditions within a UK home under future heatwaves with return periods of 10–50 years. Conditions far beyond adaptive comfort limits are found. Weather files containing the extreme weeks for 11,326 locations have been prepared and are made available. These will be of use to those trying to explain the likely impacts of climate change, governments setting resilience policy and those using computer modelling.
DOI: 10.1002/joc.2402
发表时间: 2012-10-01
期刊: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
影响因子: --
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影响因子: 6.3
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期刊: WEATHER
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