Increasing generosity by disrupting prefrontal cortex.

Increasing generosity by disrupting prefrontal cortex.
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DOI:
10.1080/17470919.2016.1154105
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发表时间:
2017-04
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Iacoboni M
Iacoboni M
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Christov-Moore L;Sugiyama T;Grigaityte K;Iacoboni M

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最近的研究表明,分享游戏中的亲社会结果源于前额叶对自我最大化冲动的控制。我们使用连续的θ波爆发刺激(cTBS)来破坏两个前额叶区域的功能,右背外侧前额叶皮层(DLPFC)和背内侧前额叶皮层(DMPFC)。我们在右侧MT/V5中使用cTBS作为控制区。然后,我们通过一个无监督的独裁者游戏测试了受试者的亲社会倾向,在这个游戏中,他们在自己和低社会经济地位(SES)和高社会经济地位(SES)的参与者之间匿名分配真钱。与MT/V5相比,两个前额叶部位的cTBS使受试者更慷慨。更具体地说,cTBS在DLPFC上增加了对高SES玩家的出价,而cTBS在DMPFC上增加了对低SES玩家的出价。这些数据首次证明了破坏性神经调节对昂贵分享的影响,表明DLPFC和MPFC在昂贵分享过程中对亲社会倾向施加抑制控制,尽管它们可能以不同的方式起作用。DLPFC可以实现上下文控制,而DMPFC可以实现一种补充形式的控制。这项研究表明,当认知控制减少时,人类倾向于亲社会结果,即使亲社会决策没有战略利益,对声誉的关注也被最小化。
Recent research suggests that prosocial outcomes in sharing games arise from prefrontal control of self-maximizing impulses. We used continuous Theta Burst Stimulation (cTBS) to disrupt the functioning of two prefrontal areas, the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC). We used cTBS in the right MT/V5, as a control area. We then tested subjects’ prosocial inclinations with an unsupervised Dictator Game in which they allocated real money anonymously between themselves and low and high socioeconomic status (SES) players. cTBS over the two prefrontal sites made subjects more generous compared to MT/V5. More specifically, cTBS over DLPFC increased offers to high SES players, while cTBS over DMPFC caused increased offers to low SES players. These data, the first to demonstrate an effect of disruptive neuromodulation on costly sharing, suggest that DLPFC and MPFC exert inhibitory control over prosocial inclinations during costly sharing, though they may do so in different ways. DLPFC may implement contextual control, while DMPFC may implement a tonic form of control. This study demonstrates that humans’ prepotent inclination is toward prosocial outcomes when cognitive control is reduced, even when prosocial decisions carry no strategic benefit and concerns for reputation are minimized.
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