"Burnt by the scorching sun": climate-induced livelihood transformations, reproductive health, and fertility trajectories in drought-affected communities of Zambia.
"Burnt by the scorching sun": climate-induced livelihood transformations, reproductive health, and fertility trajectories in drought-affected communities of Zambia.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-021-11560-8
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发表时间：
2021-08-03
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Mbizvo MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosen JG;Mulenga D;Phiri L;Okpara N;Brander C;Chelwa N;Mbizvo MT
干旱等气候引起的破坏可能破坏家庭和社区生计，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家。这项定性研究探讨了赞比亚两个省严重且长期的干旱对性别生计转型、妇女的社会和经济福祉以及性和生殖健康（SRH）结果的影响。于2020年9月，我们与五个受干旱影响地区的165名成年男女进行了深入访谈（n = 20）和焦点小组讨论（n = 16），并与民间领袖和医疗服务提供者进行了关键线人访谈（n = 16）。一个团队为基础的主题分析方法，框架方法的指导下，被用来编码转录文本片段，促进识别和解释突出的主题模式。在各个地区，与会者强调干旱对他们的生计和社区造成的损失，使农户的收入和食物减少，许多人转向其他收入来源。女户主家庭被认为特别容易受到干旱的影响，因为妇女养家糊口的责任增加了，特别是在妇女的伴侣为寻找就业机会而移民的家庭中。随着家庭收入的下降，妇女和女孩的脆弱性增加：越来越多的幼儿进入劳动力市场，当家庭负担不起学费并努力在经济上支持她们时，年轻女孩结婚。由于干旱造成收入减少，许多与会者无力前往保健设施，或在政府设施无法提供保健商品时，从私人零售药店购买保健商品，包括计划生育。大多数与会者描述了干旱促使生育意愿的变化：特别是妇女表示希望小家庭，担心干旱会限制她们供养大家庭的能力。虽然与会者列举了其所在社区正在开展的一些支持适应气候变化的活动，但大多数人承认，目前的干预措施是不够的。干旱凸显了妇女持续存在的、未得到解决的脆弱性，增加了对保健服务的需求，同时减少了获得这些服务的家庭资源。提出了政策解决方案，以有意义和可持续地缓解干旱引起的挑战，并促进气候复原力。
Climate-induced disruptions like drought can destabilize household and community livelihoods, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This qualitative study explores the impact of severe and prolonged droughts on gendered livelihood transitions, women’s social and financial wellbeing, and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes in two Zambian provinces. In September 2020, in-depth interviews (n = 20) and focus group discussions (n = 16) with 165 adult women and men in five drought-affected districts, as well as key informant interviews (n = 16) with civic leaders and healthcare providers, were conducted. A team-based thematic analysis approach, guided by the Framework Method, was used to code transcript text segments, facilitating identification and interpretation of salient thematic patterns. Across districts, participants emphasized the toll drought had taken on their livelihoods and communities, leaving farming households with reduced income and food, with many turning to alternative income sources. Female-headed households were perceived as particularly vulnerable to drought, as women’s breadwinning and caregiving responsibilities increased, especially in households where women’s partners out-migrated in search of employment prospects. As household incomes declined, women and girls’ vulnerabilities increased: young children increasingly entered the workforce, and young girls were married when families could not afford school fees and struggled to support them financially. With less income due to drought, many participants could not afford travel to health facilities or would resort to purchasing health commodities, including family planning, from private retail pharmacies when unavailable from government facilities. Most participants described changes in fertility intentions motivated by drought: women, in particular, expressed desires for smaller families, fearing drought would constrain their capacity to support larger families. While participants cited some ongoing activities in their communities to support climate change adaptation, most acknowledged current interventions were insufficient. Drought highlighted persistent and unaddressed vulnerabilities in women, increasing demand for health services while shrinking household resources to access those services. Policy solutions are proposed to mitigate drought-induced challenges meaningfully and sustainably, and foster climate resilience.
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DOI：
10.1002/ijpg.226
发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
International Journal of Population Geography
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ezra, M.
通讯作者：
Ezra, M.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Codjoe, Samuel N. A.;Gough, Katherine, V;Griffiths, Paula L.
通讯作者：
Griffiths, Paula L.
DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.03.011
发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
8.9
作者：
Eissler, Sarah;Thiede, Brian C.;Strube, Johann
通讯作者：
Strube, Johann
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Atkinson, Holly G.;Bruce, Judith
通讯作者：
Bruce, Judith
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Khan AE;Ireson A;Kovats S;Mojumder SK;Khusru A;Rahman A;Vineis P
通讯作者：
Vineis P